2010年12月英语四级写作强化讲义

　　一、 正反题模版
　　§1支持及理由：段首句+优点一. What is more, 优点二
　　§2反对及理由：段首句+对应理由一. Furthermore, 对应理由二
　　§3个人看法之中庸法：段首句+ on the one hand,看法一. on the other hand看法二
　　个人看法之一边倒：段首句+First of all, 看法一.Next, 看法二
　　文章模版
　　When asked about……….., most people believe that ….., but others regard it as ……….
　　优点一. what is more, 优点二
　　But others may not agree, they maintain that……/ As opposed to all the points mentioned above, others argue that ……. 对应理由一. Furthermore, 对应理由二
　　结尾段选择一(中庸法)
　　Just as a sward has two blades, its advantages co-exsit with its disadvantages./ Obviously it has more than one face. We should preserve sth. While at the same time making it qualified. on the one hand,看法一. on the other hand看法二
　　结尾段选择二(一边倒)
　　For the resons presented above, it is not difficult to get the conclusion that ……/ On the whole, if we take a careful consideration, it is safely to draw the conclusion that……
　　二、 社会现象题模版
　　§1描述现象：段首句+现状+定性
　　§2之分析原因(题中出现解释原因或因素要求)：段首句+for one thing,国家角度. for another,个人角度
　　之分析影响(题中出现说明危害或意义要求)：段首句+for one thing,国家角度. for another,个人角度
　　§3建议：段首句+firstly, 国家建议. Secondly, 个人建议
　　文章模板
　　Recently it is widely accepted that ……/ Currently wherever you go, you will hardly fail to find that A is becoming increasingly popular……. 现象现状. It brings benefits to us(积极现象)/it does great harm to us(消极现象)/ is a delicate problem worth of discussion(客观现象)
　　中间段选择一(原因段)
　　There are several reasons accounting for it. for one thing,国家角度原因. for another,个人角度
　　中间段选择二(影响段)
　　The phenomenon results in the following consequences. for one thing,国家角度原因. for another,个人角度
　　It is urgent/imperative/necessary that attention should be paid to the issue to do sth./ There is no denying that the tendence analyzed above will continue in the near future. firstly, 国家建议. Secondly, 个人建议. With proper laws and alert public, it will become a past as a matter of time.( 消极现象)/ With proper laws and alert public, it will be carried on in a good way. (积极或客观现象)
　　三、 图表题
　　§1描述数据变化
　　§2分析原因段首句+for one thing,国家角度. for another,个人角度
　　§3(积极或消极现象)建议：段首句+firstly, 国家建议. Secondly, 个人建议
　　(客观现象)个人看法：段首句+ on the one hand,看法一. on the other hand看法二
　　文章模板
　　According to the figures in the chart, ……increased dramatically, which revealed that….
　　There are several reasons accounting for it. for one thing,国家角度原因. for another,个人角度
　　选择一(建议)参见社会现象题§3
　　选择二(个人看法)参见正反题§3
　　一， 高频词汇
　　1， 产生影响：to have an effect/influence on sth.
　　正面的：to have a possitive effect; bring benefits to
　　负面的：to have a negative/adverse effect; do harm to
　　深远的：profound; far-reaching
　　2， 努力/尽力
　　Make efforts to do; take pains to do; spare no effotrs doing; strive to do
　　3, 改变成为
　　Chang A into B; convert A into B; transform A into B
　　例句：我们要努力使这个地区脱贫致富。(结构-词汇)
　　Efforts should be made to transform the poverty into wealth in this area.
　　4，采取措施：take steps to do; take measures to do
　　5，达到目标：achieve one’s objective; accomplish …..
　　例句：国家必须采取措施从而达到扭亏为盈的目的
　　Measures must be taken to achieve the objective of transforming the losses into profits.
　　6，发扬光大/减到最小maximize/minimize
　　例句：我们必须把私家车的副作减到最小
　　The adverse effects of private cars must be minimized.
　　二、词汇
　　Make──enable;allow;permit
　　So──acoordingly/consequently/as a result
　　Nowadays──currently/at present
　　Become──tuen out tobe/prove
　　More and more──growing/increasing
　　Most of──the vast majority of/the large percentage of/the considerable proportion of
　　Not only a but also b── a as well as b
　　Think──maintian/hold/assert/argue/contend/blieve/be of the view
　　图表题开头段常用10大句型
　　1.从1991年起，出国留学的中国学生大幅度增加，一直到2002年逐渐趋于稳定，之后有所减少。
　　Since 1991, the number of Chinese students going abroad increased dramatically.
　　It reached the plateau in 2002, then was on the decline afterwards.
　　2. 南京大学的论文发表数量高居榜首，清华大学和复旦大学分别是第二和第三。
　　With regard to the number of academic essays published, Nanking University topped the list, with Qinghua and Fudan University respectively ranking the second　and the third.
　　3. 2002年，考研的人数大幅度增加，远远超过了50万人，几乎是1999年的两倍。
　　2002 saw a sharp increase in the number of NETEM test-takers which was　far beyond half a million and was approximately twice as many as that in 1999.
　　4. 上海的GDP一直保持在10%以上。
　　The GDP (General Development Product) of Shanghai remains higher than 10%.
　　5. 中文系，浙江的学生占了45%，比安徽的学生多了整整10%。
　　At Chinese Department, the students from Zhejiang account for 45%,precisely 10% more than those from Anhui.
　　6. 由于残酷的市场竞争，2002年这种汽车的销售量降到了低谷。http://www.hxen.net
　　On account of/Owing to the cruel market competition, in 2002, the sale of　the cars fell to the bottom.
　　7. 如图表数据显示，1994年冰箱出口量大大增加，在外贸进出口领域产生了深远的影响。
　　According to the figures given in the chart, the amount of the refrigerator　export increased considerably in 1994, which exerted profound influences in　the import and export field of foreign trade.
　　8. 上学期留学生的考试成绩一直无规律地波动，在教学改革后成绩有明显上升。
　　Last semester the scores of the foreign students fluctuated irregularly, but　showed an obvious increase after the reform in teaching.
　　9. 有关费用饼状图由六个部分组成，其中广告费占53%。
　　The pie chart concerning fees consists of six sections, among which advertisement　fees account for 53%.
　　10. 与1998年相比，2003年电的使用量增加了23%，表明经济增长带来了更多的能源消耗。
　　Compared with 1998, the usage of electricity increased by 23%, which revealed a larger　consumption of energy in accordance with the economic growth.