英语四级六级作文高分秘籍

作文分不高？要从词汇开始改变！

单词和短语是文章最基本的组成单位，用词是否出彩在一定程度上决定了文章是否能得高分！要想用对词，必须遵循以下原则：

1无重复原则

英语写作中经常会出现在同一文章中反复使用同一个词、词组的情况，这就是我们通常所说的重复。用词重复主要表现在名词、动词、形容词等实词的重复上。例如：

名词重复

Catherine offered him moral help and also practical help.

动词重复

I like reading while my brother likes playing football.

形容词重复

Mark Twain is famous for his short novels in America, and now he isalso becoming more and more famous with Chinese readers.

为避免用词的重复，可采用以下方法：

省略

省略是避免重复最主要的手段。它可以节省词语，使句子结构更紧凑，还可以有效避免名词、动词、形容词的重复。例如：

名词省略

They are fine actors. Smith is the finest (actor) I’ve ever seen.

动词省略

Jack needn’t stay here， but George must (stay here).

形容词省略

Robert seemed angry， and George certainly was (angry)．

代词代替

这种方法主要用于解决名词的重复问题。例如：

Catherine offered him moral help and also practical help.

可改为：Catherine offered him moral help and also practical one.

再如：Can you repair this chair? I broke it yesterday．

同义词、反义词、派生词转换

名词、动词、形容词都适用这种方法。

名词同义词转换

原句：The snow was heavy last night.

修改后： It snowed heavily last night.

动词同义词转换

原句：The runner couldn’t catch up with the others in the race.

修改后：The runner fell behind the others in the race.

形容词同义词转换

原句：I am completely confident that I am competent for the new job.

修改后：I am completely confident that I am qualified for the new job.

2短语优先原则

使用短语替换单词具有两大优势：

文章显得更为地道，增加亮点；

增加字数。

例：

原句：When he was a child， he wanted to learn everything.

修改后：When he was a child， he had a strong appetite for knowledge.

与原句中的wanted to learn everything相比，修改后的例句中的had a strong appetite for knowledge更能表现出“他”的求知若渴，表达更加生动。

常见的单词转化成短语的方法有：

形容词变短语方法：of+同根名词

常见的形容词及对应短语有：

形容词                                  短语

very    important 非常重要的    of great importance

very    difficult 非常困难的  of great difficulty

very    difficult 非常困难的  of  great difficulty

very    beautiful 非常美丽的      of  great beauty

very  useful 非常有用的 of great use

very  helpful 非常有帮助的  of  great help

very  harmful 非常有害的    of  great harm

very    valuable 非常有价值的  of  great value

very    significant 至关重要的  of  great significance

very    necessary 非常必要的    of  great necessity

 

动词变短语方法：同义短语替换

常用的动词和对应动词短语如下：

动词               动词短语

stand 承受  put up  with

consider  考虑   take...into  consideration/account

exist 存在   come  into existence/being

like 喜欢     be  fond of, take delight in

support支持     be in  favor of, approve of

think 想，认为   harbor  the idea that, hold the view that

explain  解释    account  for

agree 同意，赞成    approve  of

conclude  得出结论  come  to/draw a conclusion

remember  记住     bear/keep  in mind

cause 引起  bring  about

raise 提出   bring/put up, set forth

absorb采纳，吸收   take  in

cancel  取消     call  off

eliminate  取消  completely get rid of

help 帮助    give a  hand

delay 耽误，耽搁     hold  off

emphasize  重视     attach  great importance to

replace  代替    take  the place of

use 使用     make  use of, take advantage of

know 知道  be aware of

 

3词义具体化原则

所谓词义具体化就是指写作过程中尽量避免使用意义宽泛、模糊的词，要根据语境使用具体、生动的词。

这些高分替换词，一定要马住！

低分词             高分词

good 好的   superb,    brilliant, outstanding, awesome

bad 坏的    adverse,    evil, terrible, horrible

old 老的     old-fashioned,   outdated, antiquated, archaic

strange 陌生的  eccentric,    peculiar, odd, weird

short 短的   transient,    short-lived

forever 永远     for    good, perpetually

different 不同的 unique,    distinctive, dissimilar

do 做   conduct,    carry out, execute

see 看见     witness,    observe, spot, glimpse

increase  增加，提高     soar,    escalate, double/triple

walk 走 wander,    stride, sneak, creep

learn 学习   acquire,    review, master

get 取得     obtain,    attain

help 帮助    assist,    aid

mean 意思是     suggest,    indicate, imply, symbolize

picture  图画     drawing,    painting, cartoon

big 大的     immense,   enormous, tremendous

cause 引起  give    rise to, trigger, result in, arouse

make 做     produce,    create, develop

rich 丰富的  wealthy,    affluent, ample

cheap 便宜的    economical,    inexpensive, affordable

common  普遍的    widespread,    prevalent

change  改变    transform,    alter, modify

people  人  individuals,    adolescents, adults

famous  著名的 renowned,    celebrated, distinguished, prominent

think 想 suppose,    claim, maintain, presume, assume

keep 保存   preserve,    conserve

break 破坏  undermine,   jeopardize, devastate

小编温馨提示，由于英语词义范围非常广泛，即便是同义词也只是某种程度上的近似，不可能在意义上完全对等，所以大家在选词时要注意同义词含义上的细小差别哦。

例如：

句一： So there arises the problem: What should we do to get rid of the wrong attitudes toward the migrant workers?

句二： So there arises the question: What should we do to get rid of the wrong attitudes toward the migrant workers?

problem指的是“实际存在的问题”或“需要解决的现实问题”，question指的是“可获得解释或回答的问题”，此处用question更为恰当。