语法的十一种时态与例子（五）

        四、 倒装
        倒装结构也是比较常见的一种句式，但考查的分量不大，考试都有哪些特点，如何应对，首先让我们一起来看一下近几年的考题。
        1．Test Yourself.
        1) I could not persuade him to accept it, ___ make him see the
        importance of it.(19995.1)
        A. if only I could not B. no more than I could
        C. or I could not D. nor could I
        2) Not until the game had begun ______at the sports ground.(2000.6)
        A. had he arrived B. would he have arrived
        C. did he arrive C. should he have arrived
        3) The organization had broken no rules, but _____ had it acted
        responsibly.(19996.1)
        A. neither B. so C. either D. both
        4) We have been told that under no circumstances ______ the telephone
        in the office for personal affairs.(1999.6)
        A. may we use B. we may use C. we could use D. did we use
        5) Only under special circumstances_____to take make-up tests.(1997.6)
        A. are freshmen permitted B. freshmen are permitted
        C. permitted are freshmen D. are permitted freshmen
        参考答案：
        1) D 2) C 3) A 4) B 5) A
        2．倒装测试范围和应对策略
        倒装分部分倒装和全部倒装，但从近几年的测试来看，重点是部分倒装。对于倒装句型同学们所应注意的就是在哪些情况下需要倒装，并且如何倒装。注意下面常见的倒装条件。
        1） 含有否定意味的词置于句首，主谓倒装。
        同学们应注意常用否定词语，如：hardly, barely, not, seldom, little, few, nowhere, never, at no time, by no means, in no way, in no case, under no circumstances, not until, not only… but also.., neither … nor…等。如果是在从句的句首，则从句倒装，如4）题。
        2） only + 状语置于句首，主谓倒装。
        Only后的状语可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，要特别注意，从句并不倒装，而是主句倒装。如：
        Only when the war was over was he able to get happily back to work.
        3） Neither/So置于句首倒装，表示"也/也不……"，如上面的2）3）题。
        4） There/here/then或做状语的地点副词和地点介词短语置于句首，要全部倒装。如：
        There stands a monument in the center of the square.
        Down came a light form the ceiling when he was walking across the floor.
        On the hay lay a wounded boy of not more than seventeen.
        5） 现在分词和过去分词可提至句首构成"分词+ be + 主语+其它+的倒装句式。如：
        Enclosed in the letter was a photo of a beautiful girl.
        Glooming in the test tube on the table was the mysterious something which they had been working so hard to find, radium.
        6） so/such…. that句型中，so + 形容词/副词提前，主谓倒装。如：
        So boring was the speech that the audience all left halfway.
        Such a noise did they make that the neighbors could not go to sleep at night.