英语四级语法的考查重点（四）

        五、名词性从句
       
        名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句，在四级考试中所占比重不大，约4.7%。在讲解名词性从句的考试方式和答题要素前，让我们先看以下几题：
        Test Yourself
        1) Although Anne is happy with her success she wonders _____ will happen to her private life.(2000.1)
        A.that B.what C.it D.this
       
        2) We agreed to accept ____ they thought was not the best tourist guide.(2000.1)
        A.whatever B.whomever C.whichever D.whoever
       
        3) In some countries, ____ is called "equality" does not really mean
        equal rights for all people.
        A.which B.what C.that D.one (1995.6)
       
        4) When I try to understand ____ that prevents so many Americans from being as one might expect,it seems to me that there are two causes.(1998.1)
        A.why it does B.what it does C.what it is D.why it is
       
        5) They are teachers and don't realize ____ to start and run a
        company.(1995.1)
        A.what it takes B.what takes it C.what they take D.what takes them
       
        6) By success I don't mean ____ usually thought of when that word is used.(1996.6)
        A.what is B.that we C.as you D.all is
       
        7) The mere fact _____ most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not occur.(1997.6)
        A.what B.which C.that vD.why
       
        8) There are signs ____ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.(2000.6)
        A.that B.which C.in which D.whose
       
        Explanation and Expansion
        A． 参考答案：1) B 2) D 3) B 4) C 5) A 6) A 7) C 8)A
        B． 评析
        1) 名词性从句的考查主要集中在两点，一是从句的语序为直陈语序，这一点在上面的5）题就有涉及。
       
        2) 另一点则是名词性从句的连词的选择，而其中以what的使用最为广泛，涉及what连词的占5/8。
       
        3) 连词what为缩合连词，相当于all that/ everything that等，而与之经常在同一题出现的which为疑问连词，表示"哪一个？"的概念，that做名词性从句的连词在从句中不做任何成分，也因此经常省略。在解这种题时一是看从句所表达的含义，最重要的是看连词在从句中是否做主语、宾语或表语。
       
        4) 注意whoever 与who的差别。whoever相当于anyone who，而who为疑问连词。但从四级考试来看，更倾向于whoever 与whatever, whichever等的比较。也就是说，测试倾向于句子的理解，而不只是语法规则的记忆。
       
        5) 除what以为，when, where, why也都可做缩合连词来用，考生也应引以注意，如：
        I still remember when this used to be a small quiet village.
        Is this where you and yours got robbed the other day?