语法指导:状语从句(三)
2007-10-24来源:
5. 目的状语从句
由so that, in order that, in case等引导。
注意:这类从句中常常用情态动词may/ might, can/ could, should等,以保证语气通顺自然。
例:1999年1月四级第65题
I was advised to arrange for insurance ________ I needed medical treatment.
A) nevertheless B) although C) in case D) so that
本题前半部分的意思是“有人劝我投保”,后半部分的意思是“我需要治病”,将两个部分连起来判断,全句的意思应该是“有人劝我投保,以防需要治病”。答案是C。
6. 结果状语从句
由so that, so…that, such…that等引导。
注意:so…that与such…that的区别在于:前者的省略号处是形容词或副词,而后者的省略号处最终是一个名词。“最终”的意思是,该名词前也可以出现形容词甚至出现修饰形容词的副词,但整个词组的中心词是这个名词。
7. 让步状语从句
由though, although, even if, even though, however, no matter how/ what/ who等引导。注意对让步状语从句的掌握要注意以下几点内容。
1) 使用though, although时,务必避免与but连用。
2) even if, even though和as if, as though不同。后者常常要求使用虚拟语气。
例:1996年6月四级第46题
I’ve already told you that I’m going to buy it, _________.
A) however much it costs B) however does it costs much
C) how much does it cost D) no matter how it costs
全句的意思是:“已经告诉过你了,不管花多少钱,我都打算买它”。空格应填上正常语序的让步状语从句,所以答案应该是A。B和C都是倒装,所以不对;D) no matter how应后接形容词或副词,所以D也不对。
例:1999年1月四级第46题
________ the calculation is right, scientists can never be sure that they have included all variables and modeled them accurately.
A) Even ifB) As far as C) If only D) So long as
即便计算是正确的,科学家们也无法肯定他们已经把所有的变量都包括进去并精确地模拟了它们。答案是A)。
8. 比较状语从句
由than, the…the…, as…as引导。
例:1993年6月四级第54题
They usually have less money at the end of the month than ________ at the beginning.
A) which is B) which was C) they have D) it is
全句意思是:“通常到了月底,他们的钱就比月初少了”。than后面引出一个比较状语从句作为比较的对象。比较的两分结构相同,只是后者略有所省略, than后面完整的句子应是:"than they have (money) at the beginning (of the month)"。题中省去了括号内的词。所以C) they have是答案。
比较状语从句中,than后可以直接跟谓语动词。这类从句一般用来表示程度或范围。
例:1993年6月四级第55题
In the course of a day, students do far more than just _________ classes.
A) attend B) attended C) to attend D) attending
本题中,than后面引出的比较状语从句,其结构应与前面的主句相符,所以答案是A) attend。全句的意思“在一天了,学生所做得远不止听课”。Do more than后面通常接不带to的不定式。
由so that, in order that, in case等引导。
注意:这类从句中常常用情态动词may/ might, can/ could, should等,以保证语气通顺自然。
例:1999年1月四级第65题
I was advised to arrange for insurance ________ I needed medical treatment.
A) nevertheless B) although C) in case D) so that
本题前半部分的意思是“有人劝我投保”,后半部分的意思是“我需要治病”,将两个部分连起来判断,全句的意思应该是“有人劝我投保,以防需要治病”。答案是C。
6. 结果状语从句
由so that, so…that, such…that等引导。
注意:so…that与such…that的区别在于:前者的省略号处是形容词或副词,而后者的省略号处最终是一个名词。“最终”的意思是,该名词前也可以出现形容词甚至出现修饰形容词的副词,但整个词组的中心词是这个名词。
7. 让步状语从句
由though, although, even if, even though, however, no matter how/ what/ who等引导。注意对让步状语从句的掌握要注意以下几点内容。
1) 使用though, although时,务必避免与but连用。
2) even if, even though和as if, as though不同。后者常常要求使用虚拟语气。
例:1996年6月四级第46题
I’ve already told you that I’m going to buy it, _________.
A) however much it costs B) however does it costs much
C) how much does it cost D) no matter how it costs
全句的意思是:“已经告诉过你了,不管花多少钱,我都打算买它”。空格应填上正常语序的让步状语从句,所以答案应该是A。B和C都是倒装,所以不对;D) no matter how应后接形容词或副词,所以D也不对。
例:1999年1月四级第46题
________ the calculation is right, scientists can never be sure that they have included all variables and modeled them accurately.
A) Even ifB) As far as C) If only D) So long as
即便计算是正确的,科学家们也无法肯定他们已经把所有的变量都包括进去并精确地模拟了它们。答案是A)。
8. 比较状语从句
由than, the…the…, as…as引导。
例:1993年6月四级第54题
They usually have less money at the end of the month than ________ at the beginning.
A) which is B) which was C) they have D) it is
全句意思是:“通常到了月底,他们的钱就比月初少了”。than后面引出一个比较状语从句作为比较的对象。比较的两分结构相同,只是后者略有所省略, than后面完整的句子应是:"than they have (money) at the beginning (of the month)"。题中省去了括号内的词。所以C) they have是答案。
比较状语从句中,than后可以直接跟谓语动词。这类从句一般用来表示程度或范围。
例:1993年6月四级第55题
In the course of a day, students do far more than just _________ classes.
A) attend B) attended C) to attend D) attending
本题中,than后面引出的比较状语从句,其结构应与前面的主句相符,所以答案是A) attend。全句的意思“在一天了,学生所做得远不止听课”。Do more than后面通常接不带to的不定式。
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