四六级考试中高大上的同义替换

　同义替换是四六级考试中最常见的考试形式，不仅考察了同学们对单个单词、词组之间的记忆，更考核了同学们对单词、词组之间的联系的理解。小编为此总结了真题中出现过的高频同义替换，帮助同学们更好地完成考试。

　　在写作中，运用过多的简单词无法提高作文的分数，因此小编建议考生们适当地用一些相对高级一些的词汇，提高作文的可读性。

　　一、guess 假设，猜想

　　1.hypothesis [haɪˈpɒθəsɪs]

　　Their hypothesis is that watching excessive amounts of television reduces a person's ability to concentrate.

　　他们的假说认为过度观看电视会导致注意力不集中等问题。

　　2.speculation [ˌspekjuˈleɪʃn]

　　The book is just a lot of idle speculation about the future.

　　这本书就是很多关于未来的无意义的猜想。

　　3.assumption [əˈsʌmpʃn]

　　Her plan is based on the underlying assumption that the economy will improve in the near future.

　　她的计划是基于这样一个假设：经济将在不久的将来会有所改善。

　　二、suggestion 提议

　　1.proposal [prəˈpəʊzl]

　　This proposal would be a less restrictive way of obtaining the same information.

　　该提议是以相对宽松的方式获取同等信息。

　　2.recommendation[ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃn]

　　The president, according to a White House statement last week, has decided to accept our recommendation.

　　白宫发言人上周表示总统已经决定接受我们的提议。

　　3. proposition[ˌprɒpəˈzɪʃn]

　　Right now, a significant minority (some 40 percent) of African-American voters already agrees with that proposition.

　　现在，少数非洲裔美国选民(将近40%)已经同意了该提议。

　　三、motivation 动机，动力

　　1.impetus[ˈɪmpɪtəs]

　　This is the primary impetus behind the economic recovery.

　　这是促使经济复苏的主要动力。

　　2. momentum [məˈmentəm]

　　They are each anxious to maintain the momentum of the search for a solution.

　　他们每个人都迫切希望能一直劲头十足地去寻求解决方案。

　　3. incentive [ɪnˈsentɪv]

　　She had not only the incentive, but the necessary opportunity.

　　她不但有动力，还有必要的机会。

　　4. encouragement [ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒmənt]

　　He's so invested in this dream of becoming a writer that any encouragements ends him flying.

　　他为实现作家梦付出了很大的心血，任何鼓励都让他非常高兴。

　　四、evaluation 评估，估计

　　1. assessment [əˈsesmənt]

　　This was an uncharitable assessment of the reasons for the failure.

　　这是对失败原因毫不讲情面的分析评估。

　　2.appraisal [əˈpreɪzl]

　　What is needed in such cases is a calm appraisal of the situation.

　　在此类情况下需要对形势有一个冷静的评估。

　　3.estimate[ˈestɪmət]

　　At least one estimate puts the total tab at $7 million.

　　至少有一个估价把总数定在了700万美元。

　　4.judgment[ˈdʒʌdʒmənt]

　　Our judgment as to the cause of his failure must rest on the evidence.

　　我们对他失败的原因评判应当基于证据。

　　五、disorder 混乱

　　1. disorganization[dɪsˌɔ:ɡənaɪ'zeɪʃn]

　　Maybe this is just another manifestation of Democratic disorganization.

　　也许这又一次彰显了民主混乱。

　　2. chaos[ˈkeɪɒs]

　　Whatever troubles arise, we'll have peace of mind amidst seeming chaos.

　　无论出现什么样的麻烦，我们都会在貌似混乱的情形中保持平和的心态。

　　3.turbulence[ˈtɜ:bjələns]

　　The world situation is characterized by turbulence and intranquility.

　　世界局势动荡不安。

　　4.turmoil [ˈtɜ:mɔɪl]

　　My emotional turmoil had drained me.

　　纷乱的情绪让我心力交瘁。

　　六、tool 工具，设备

　　1. appliance [əˈplaɪəns]

　　He could also learn to use the vacuum cleaner, the washing machine and other household appliances.

　　他可以再学学使用吸尘器、洗衣机和其他家用电器。

　　2. equipment [ɪˈkwɪpmənt]

　　The photographer came early to set up his equipment.

　　摄影师很早就把他的设备搭起来了。

　　3. device [dɪˈvaɪs]

　　The device can discriminate between the cancerous and the normal cells.

　　这台仪器可以辨别癌细胞和正常的细胞。

　　4.apparatus [ˌæpəˈreɪtəs]

　　They lacked the scientific personnel to develop the technical apparatus much further.

　　他们缺少能够进一步研发这一技术装置的科研人员。

　　5. instrument [ˈɪnstrəmənt]

　　The veto has been a traditional instrument of diplomacy for centuries.

　　几个世纪以来否决权一直是外交上惯用的手段。

　　七、league 同盟，联盟

　　1. coalition [ˌkəʊəˈlɪʃn]

　　The Liberal leader has announced his party's withdrawal from the ruling coalition.

　　自由党领袖已宣布该党退出执政联盟。

　　2. alliance [əˈlaɪəns]

　　Yet now he was here, in extremis, to seek an alliance.

　　然而现在他就在这里，在绝境中寻求联盟。

　　3.ally [ˈælaɪ]

　　He is a close ally of the prime minister.

　　他是首相的亲密支持者。

　　4.union [ˈju:niən]

　　In union there is strength.

　　团结就是力量。

　　八、leisure 娱乐消遣

　　1.pastime [ˈpɑ:staɪm]

　　Reading always been an important part of learning and enjoyable pastime.

　　一直以来读书都是学习中的一个重要部分，也是消磨时间的好方法。

　　2.recreation [ˌrekriˈeɪʃn]

　　All the family members need to have their own interests and recreations.

　　所有的家庭成员都需要有自己的兴趣和休闲方式。

　　3. diversion [daɪˈvɜ:ʃn]

　　Finger painting is very messy but an excellent diversion.

　　用手指画画是很脏，但却是一项极好的消遣。

　　九、way方式，方法

　　1.manner [ˈmænə(r)]

　　The issue will be resolved in a manner that is fair to both sides.

　　这个问题将用对双方都公平的方式来解决。

　　2. fashion [ˈfæʃn]

　　She speaks in a very strange fashion.

　　她说话的方式非常奇怪。

　　3.approach [əˈprəʊtʃ]

　　We will be exploring different approaches to gathering information.

　　我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。

　　4.tactic [ˈtæktɪk]

　　The giant oil corporations are earning fabulous profits by cunning tactics.

　　这些大石油公司以狡诈的手段赚取巨额利润。

　　5. means [mi:nz]

　　Do you have any means of identification?

　　你有什么鉴定的方法吗?

　　6. channel [ˈtʃænl]

　　The Americans recognize that the UN can be the channel for greater diplomatic activity.

　　美国人认识到可以通过联合国这个渠道开展更多的外交活动。

　　十、standard 标准

　　1.criteria [kraɪ'tɪərɪə]

　　The criteria will be different from those that pertain elsewhere.

　　这里的标准将不同于其他地方适用的标准。

　　2.norm [nɔ:m]

　　We conform to norms so readily that we are hardly aware they exist.

　　我们很轻而易举便遵守规则，所以我们很难意识到它们的存在。

　　十一、progress 进展

　　1.advance [ədˈvɑ:ns]

　　Medical technology has advanced considerably.

　　医学技术突飞猛进。

　　2.headway ['hedweɪ]

　　She has made remarkable headway in her writing skills.

　　她在写作技巧方面有了长足进步。

　　十二、hope 渴望，希望

　　1.desire [dɪˈzaɪə(r)]

　　They seem to regain their desire for life.

　　他们似乎重获对生活的热望。

　　2. eagerness ['i:gənɪs]

　　He began to explain with the most considerable eagerness.

　　他开始万分热诚地解释。

　　3.urge [ɜ:dʒ]

　　He had an urge to open a shop of his own.

　　他很想自己开一家店。

　　4.hunger [ˈhʌŋgə(r)]

　　I can't understand why he seems to have no hunger for knowledge.

　　我不明白为什么他看上去对知识毫无兴趣。

　　5.yearning [ˈjɜ:nɪŋ]

　　He has always a yearning to be a schoolteacher.

　　他一直想成为一名老师。

　　十三、sense 意识

　　1.consciousness [ˈkɒnʃəsnəs]

　　He is acutely conscious that this transition will bring with it the risk of social unrest.

　　他非常清楚这种转变伴随着社会动乱的危险。

　　2.awareness [əˈweənəs]

　　He introduced radio to the school to increase the children's awareness.

　　他在学校开通广播，以增进孩子们的认知。

　　3.perception [pərˈsepʃn]

　　Another interesting issue deals with certain cultures' perception of beauty.

　　另一个有趣的问题与特定文化中美的感知有关。

　　十四、character 性格

　　1.disposition [ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃn]

　　He was a man of decisive action and an adventurous disposition.

　　他是一个行动果断又爱冒险的人。

　　2. personality [ˌpɜ:səˈnæləti]

　　He has a very pleasant personality.

　　他性格很讨人喜欢。

　　3.temperament [ˈtemprəmənt]

　　His impulsive temperament got him into difficulties.

　　他容易冲动，经常因此惹麻烦。

　　4. nature [ˈneɪtʃə(r)]

　　She feels that her ambitious nature made her unsuitable for an arranged marriage.

　　她觉得她不安分的个性不适合包办的婚姻。

　　十五、promise 承诺

　　1.commitment [kəˈmɪtmənt]

　　They made a commitment to peace.

　　他们承诺要维护和平。

　　2. pledge [pledʒ]

　　In the treaty both sides pledge to respect human rights.

　　双方在条约中都承诺将尊重人权。

　　3.engagement [ɪnˈgeɪdʒmənt]

　　All his time seems to be taken up with social engagements.

　　社会约定占据了他所有的时间。

　　十六、feeling 情感、情绪

　　1.mood[mu:d]

　　People who struggle with excessive Internet use maybe depressed or have other mood disorder.

　　过度使用互联网可能会导致抑郁症或其他情绪紊乱的问题。

　　2. emotion [ɪˈməʊʃn]

　　A tide of emotionrose and clouded his judgment.

　　心头涌起一阵强烈的感情，模糊了他的判断力。

　　3.sentiment [ˈsentɪmənt]

　　He found growing sentiment for military action.

　　他发现支持采取军事行动的情绪日益高涨。

　　十七、attraction 吸引力

　　1.appeal [əˈpi:l]

　　The game has lost its appeal.

　　这个游戏失去了吸引力。

　　2. fascination [ˌfæsɪˈneɪʃn]

　　Water holds a fascination for most children.

　　水对多数孩子都有极大的吸引力。

　　3.charm [tʃɑ:m]

　　'Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs', the 1937 Disney classic, has lost none of its original charm.

　　1937年迪斯尼推出的经典之作《白雪公主和七个小矮人》魅力不减当年。

　　4. lure [lʊə(r)]

　　The lure of rural life is proving as strong as ever.

　　事实证明，乡村生活的魅力丝毫未减。

　　5.allurement [ə'ljʊəmənt]

　　Money is a kind of allurement for us.

　　对我们来说金钱是种诱惑物。

　　6.temptation [tempˈteɪʃn]

　　Don't succumb to the temptation to have just one cigarette.

　　不要经不住诱惑，只抽一支烟也不行。

　　十八、duty 责任

　　1.responsibility [rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti]

　　Responsibility and moderation were to be the keynotes of their foreign policy.

　　责任和克制将是他们外交政策的核心。

　　2. obligation [ˌɒblɪˈgeɪʃn]

　　Co-operation was more than just an attractive option, it was an obligation.

　　合作不仅仅是诱人的选择，它也是一种责任。

　　3. accountability [əˌkaʊntə'bɪlətɪ]

　　Good management in the police cannot be divorced from accountability.

　　对警察队伍的良好管理和应负的责任是分不开的。

　　十九、choice 选择

　　1. option [ˈɒpʃn]

　　The menu changes weekly and usually includes a vegan option.

　　菜单每周都有变化，通常包含可供严格的素食者选择的菜肴。

　　2.alternative [ɔ:lˈtɜ:nətɪv]

　　You have the alternative of riding or walking.

　　你可以选择骑车或者步行。

　　3.preference [ˈprefrəns]

　　Parents can express a preference for the school their child attends.

　　父母可以表达对自己孩子所上学校的偏好。

　　4.selection [sɪˈlekʃn]

　　There is a wide selection of food available.

　　有很多可供选择的食物。

　　二十、agreement 契约协议

　　1. contract [ˈkɒntrækt]

　　A formal contract is signed which is renewable annually.

　　正式签订了每年可续签的合同。

　　2. pact [pækt]

　　A non-aggression pact will be signed between the two countries.

　　两国将签署互不侵犯条约。

　　3.treaty [ˈtri:ti]

　　The treaty binds them to respect their neighbor's independence.

　　条约规定他们必须尊重其邻国的独立。