2005年12月英语四级B卷试题（阅读）
2007-10-18来源:
Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
“Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or exercise.” Said Dr. Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body. While here’s on question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which you’re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you..
In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they stress that you can manage also boost immune(免疫的) function. In a study at the Academic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences. In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects through a gory(血淋淋的) video on surgical procedures. Those who did well on the memory test had an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody that’s the body’s first line of defense against germs. The video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody.
Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones. In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function. “They can help nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,” says Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University in New York. But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain.
“Sustained stress is not good for you,” says Richard Morimoto, a researcher at Northwestern University in Illinois studying the effects of stress on longevity ,”It’s the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to stress that could be protective.”
21. The passage is mainly about______
A) how to avoid stressful
B) how to cope with stress effectively
C) the benefits of manageable tress
D) the effect of stress harmonies on memory 22. The word “shun”(Line 1,Para.1) most probably means________.
A) cut down on
B) stay away from
C) run out of
D) put up with 23.We can conclude from the study of the 158 nurses in 2001 that_______
A) people who can’t get their job done experience more stress
B) doing challenging work may be good for one’s health
C) stress will weaken the body’s defense against germs
D) people under stress tend to have a poor memory 24.In the experiment described in Paragraph 3,the video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody because______.
A) the outcome was beyond their control
B) they knew little about surgical procedures
C) they felt no pressure while watching the video
D) the video was not enjoyable at all 25.Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University believes that______.
A) a person’s memory is determined by the level of hormones in his body
B) a person’s memory improves with continued experience of stress.
C) stress hormones have lasting positive effects on the brain
D) short bursts of stress hormones enhance memory functionPassage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Just five one-hundredths of an inch thick, light golden in color and with a perfect “saddle curl,” the Lay’s potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global domination. But its maker. Frito-Lay. Thinks otherwise.” Potato chips are a snack food for the world,” said Salman Amin, the company’s head of global marketing. Amin believes there is no corner of the world that can resist the charms of a Frito-Lay potato chip.
Frito-Lay is the biggest snack maker inAmerica U.S.
Its strategy rests on two beliefs: first a global product offers economies of scale with which local brands cannot compete. And second, consumers in the 21st century are drawn to “global” as a concept. ”Global” does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, but ones than consumes-especially young people-see as part of a modem, innovative(创新的America , but they deny that amounts to economic imperialism. Rater, they see Frito-Lay as spreading the benefits of free enterprise across the world. “We’re making products in those countries, we’re adapting them to the tastes of those countries, building businesses and employing people and changing lives,” said Steve Reinemund, PepsiCo’s chief executive.
27.What do we learn about Frito-Lay from Paragraph 2?
A) It gives half of its annual profits to its parent company.
B) It needs to turn to the word market for development.
C) Its products use to be popular among overseas consumers.
D) Its expansion has caused fierce competition in the snack marker.
A) products identified as American will have promising market value
B) products suiting Chinese consumers’ needs bring more profits
C) local brands cannot compete successfully with American brands
D) consumers worldwide today are attracted by global brands
A) To suit changing tastes of young consumers.
B) To compete with other American chip producers.
C) To change the company’s long-held marketing image.
D) To promote the company's strategy of globalization.
A) will be in the interest of the local people
B) will lead to economic imperialism
C) won’t spoil the taste of their chips
D) won't affect the eating habits of the local people
A) You have good reason to get upset
B) I apologize for hurting your feelings
C) I’m at fault for making you upset
D) I’m aware you’re upset ,but I’m not to blame
A) it is hurtful and insulting
B) it is vague and ineffective
C) it may make the other person feel guilty
D) it gets one into the habit of making empty promises
A) their ages should be taken into account
B) parents should be patient and tolerant
C) parents need to set them a good example
D) the complexities involved should be ignored
A) not necessary among family members
B) a sign of social progress
C) not as simple as it seems
D) a social issue calling for immediate attentionDenver , residents are pitching in to help teachers and administrators as the Vrain school District tries to solve a $13.8 million budget shortage blamed on mismanagement. ”We’re worried about our teachers and principals, and we really don’t want to lose them because of this,” one parent sail. “If we can help ease their financial burden, we will. ”
Teachers are grateful, but know it may be years before the district is solvent(有综合能力的Frederick , students’ parents are buying classroom supplies and offering to pay for groceries and utilities to keep first-year teachers and principals in their jobs.
Some $36,000 has been raised in donations from Safeway. A Chevrolet dealership donated $10,000 and forgave the district’s $10,750 bill for renting the driver educating cars. IBM contributed 4,500 packs of paper.
“We employ thousands of people in this community,” said Mitch Carson, a hospital chief executive, who helped raise funds. “We have children in the school, and we see how they could be affected.”
At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum(论坛Vrain School District ?
A) Lots of teachers in the district are planning to quit.
B) Many administrative personnel have been laid off.
C) A huge financial problem has arisen.
D) Many schools there are mismanaged. 37.How did the residents in theVrain School District
A) They demanded a through investigation.
B) They pooled their efforts to help solve it.
C) They accused those responsible for it.
D)They felt somewhat helpless about it.
A) irreversible
B) insolvable
C) unavoidable
D) unthinkable
A) To make sure that the school principals were innocent.
B) To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem.
C) To find out the extent of the consequences of the case.
D) To stop the voters approving the $212 million bong issue.
A) keep people properly informed of the crisis
B) expose officials who neglected their duties
C) appeal to the public for contributions and donations
D) attract greater public attention to their needs
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
“Humans should not try to avoid stress any more than they would shun food, love or exercise.” Said Dr. Hans Selye, the first physician to document the effects of stress on the body. While here’s on question that continuous stress is harmful, several studies suggest that challenging situations in which you’re able to rise to the occasion can be good for you..
In a 2001 study of 158 hospital nurses, those who faced considerable work demands but coped with the challenge were more likely to say they were in good health than those who felt they stress that you can manage also boost immune(免疫的) function. In a study at the Academic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam, researchers put volunteers through two stressful experiences. In the first, a timed task that required memorizing a list followed by a short test, subjects through a gory(血淋淋的) video on surgical procedures. Those who did well on the memory test had an increase in levels of immunoglobulin A, an antibody that’s the body’s first line of defense against germs. The video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody.
Stress prompts the body to produce certain stress hormones. In short bursts these hormones have a positive effect, including improved memory function. “They can help nerve cells handle information and put it into storage,” says Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University in New York. But in the long run these hormones can have a harmful effect on the body and brain.
“Sustained stress is not good for you,” says Richard Morimoto, a researcher at Northwestern University in Illinois studying the effects of stress on longevity ,”It’s the occasional burst of stress or brief exposure to stress that could be protective.”
21. The passage is mainly about______
A) how to avoid stressful
B) how to cope with stress effectively
C) the benefits of manageable tress
D) the effect of stress harmonies on memory 22. The word “shun”(Line 1,Para.1) most probably means________.
A) cut down on
B) stay away from
C) run out of
D) put up with 23.We can conclude from the study of the 158 nurses in 2001 that_______
A) people who can’t get their job done experience more stress
B) doing challenging work may be good for one’s health
C) stress will weaken the body’s defense against germs
D) people under stress tend to have a poor memory 24.In the experiment described in Paragraph 3,the video-watchers experienced a downturn in the antibody because______.
A) the outcome was beyond their control
B) they knew little about surgical procedures
C) they felt no pressure while watching the video
D) the video was not enjoyable at all 25.Dr. Bruce McEwen of Rockefeller University believes that______.
A) a person’s memory is determined by the level of hormones in his body
B) a person’s memory improves with continued experience of stress.
C) stress hormones have lasting positive effects on the brain
D) short bursts of stress hormones enhance memory functionPassage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
Just five one-hundredths of an inch thick, light golden in color and with a perfect “saddle curl,” the Lay’s potato chip seems an unlikely weapon for global domination. But its maker. Frito-Lay. Thinks otherwise.” Potato chips are a snack food for the world,” said Salman Amin, the company’s head of global marketing. Amin believes there is no corner of the world that can resist the charms of a Frito-Lay potato chip.
Frito-Lay is the biggest snack maker in
Its strategy rests on two beliefs: first a global product offers economies of scale with which local brands cannot compete. And second, consumers in the 21st century are drawn to “global” as a concept. ”Global” does not mean products that are consciously identified as American, but ones than consumes-especially young people-see as part of a modem, innovative(创新的
27.What do we learn about Frito-Lay from Paragraph 2?
A) It gives half of its annual profits to its parent company.
B) It needs to turn to the word market for development.
C) Its products use to be popular among overseas consumers.
D) Its expansion has caused fierce competition in the snack marker.
A) products identified as American will have promising market value
B) products suiting Chinese consumers’ needs bring more profits
C) local brands cannot compete successfully with American brands
D) consumers worldwide today are attracted by global brands
A) To suit changing tastes of young consumers.
B) To compete with other American chip producers.
C) To change the company’s long-held marketing image.
D) To promote the company's strategy of globalization.
A) will be in the interest of the local people
B) will lead to economic imperialism
C) won’t spoil the taste of their chips
D) won't affect the eating habits of the local people
A) You have good reason to get upset
B) I apologize for hurting your feelings
C) I’m at fault for making you upset
D) I’m aware you’re upset ,but I’m not to blame
A) it is hurtful and insulting
B) it is vague and ineffective
C) it may make the other person feel guilty
D) it gets one into the habit of making empty promises
A) their ages should be taken into account
B) parents should be patient and tolerant
C) parents need to set them a good example
D) the complexities involved should be ignored
A) not necessary among family members
B) a sign of social progress
C) not as simple as it seems
D) a social issue calling for immediate attention
Teachers are grateful, but know it may be years before the district is solvent(有综合能力的
Some $36,000 has been raised in donations from Safeway. A Chevrolet dealership donated $10,000 and forgave the district’s $10,750 bill for renting the driver educating cars. IBM contributed 4,500 packs of paper.
“We employ thousands of people in this community,” said Mitch Carson, a hospital chief executive, who helped raise funds. “We have children in the school, and we see how they could be affected.”
At Creek High School, three students started a website that displays newspaper articles, district information and an email forum(论坛
A) Lots of teachers in the district are planning to quit.
B) Many administrative personnel have been laid off.
C) A huge financial problem has arisen.
D) Many schools there are mismanaged. 37.How did the residents in the
A) They demanded a through investigation.
B) They pooled their efforts to help solve it.
C) They accused those responsible for it.
D)They felt somewhat helpless about it.
A) irreversible
B) insolvable
C) unavoidable
D) unthinkable
A) To make sure that the school principals were innocent.
B) To see if there was a deliberate cover-up of the problem.
C) To find out the extent of the consequences of the case.
D) To stop the voters approving the $212 million bong issue.
A) keep people properly informed of the crisis
B) expose officials who neglected their duties
C) appeal to the public for contributions and donations
D) attract greater public attention to their needs
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