2003年09月英语四级试题（阅读）
2007-10-18来源:
Part ⅡReading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single ling through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
A rectal study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver, Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone, By contrast, the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.
The autboes also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight, With passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.
Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior” than with just a lack of driving experience. “The basic issue.” Be says, “is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is.”
Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使……缓解)the problem is to have states institute
so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage process. A graduated license requires that a leenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passcager restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.
Graduated licensing systems have reduced leenage driver crashes, according to recent studies, About half of the states now have some sort of graduated Hcensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers, California is the strictest, with a novice(新手)driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20(without the presence of an adult over 25)for the first six months.21. Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?
A) Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m.
B) A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.
C) Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.
D) A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.22. According to Robert Foss. The high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to ________
A) their frequent driving at nightC) their lack of driving experience
B) their improper way of driving D) their driving with passengers23. According to Paragraph 3. which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.
B) Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.
C) Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons.
D) The licensing authonties are partly responsible for teenagers' driving accidents.24. A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers' driving accidents is that ________ .
A) driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule
B) they should be prohibited from taking on passengers
C) they should not be allowed to drive after 10 p.m.
D) the licensing system should be improved25. The present situation in about half of the states is that the graduated licensing system ________.
A) is under discussion C) has been put into effect
B) is about to be set up D) has been perfected
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
If you know exactly what you want, the best route to a job is to get specialized training. A recent survey shows that companies the graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.
That's especially true of booing fields that are challenging for workers. At Cornell's School of Hotel Administration, for example, bachelor's degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high teens to the low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience.
But in the long run, too much specialization doesn't pay off. Business, which has been flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary injtially, but the impact of a degree washes out after five years.
As further evidence of the erosion (销蚀26. What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market?
A) Students with a bachelor's degree in humanities.
B) People with an MBA degree front top universities.
C) People with formal schooling plus work experience.
D) People with special training in engineeringPara , 3), the author means ________.
A) most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundation
B) an MBA degree does not help promotion to managerial positions
C) MBA programs will not be as popular in five years' time as they are now
D) in five people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have gotPara . 4), companies prefer ________.
A) people who have a strategic mind
B) people who are talented in fine arts
C) people who are ambitious and aggressive
D) people who have received training in mechanics
A) they are more capable of handling changing situations
B) they can stick to established ways of solving problems
C) they are thoroughly trained in a variety of specialized fields
D) they have attended special programs in management
A) Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists.
B) Formal schooling is less important than job training.
C) On-the-job training is, in the long run, less costly.
D) Generalists will outdo specialists in management.New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation. At one point the woman asked: "So, how have you been?" And
the boy—who could not have been more than seven or eight years old —replied. "Frankly, I've been feeling a little depressed lately.''
This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed” until we were in high school.
The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.
Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists, Why?
Human development is based not only on innate (天生的Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practices. Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.31. According to the author, feeling depressed is ________.
B) something hardly to be expected in a young child
C) an inevitable has of children's mental development
D) a mental scale present in all humans, including children
B) gradually and under guidance D)through exposure to social information
B) the poor arrangement of teaching content
C) the fast pace of human intellectual development
D) the constantly rising standard of living
B) It develops children's interest in reading and writing.
C) It helps children to memorize and practice more.
D) It can control what children are to learn.
B) He thinks it is a phenomenon worthy of note.
C) He considers it a positive development.
D) He seems to be upset about it.
A) Everyone has a right to hold his own opinion.
B) Free expression of opinions often leads to confusion.
C) Most people tend to be careless in forming their opinions.
D) Casual use of the word "opinion" often brings about quarrels.
A) Someone who turns a deaf ear to others' opinions.
B) Someone who can't put up with others' tastes.
C) Someone who values only their own opinions.
D) Someone whose opinion harm. other people.
A) it is foolish to criticize a famous brand
B) one should not always agree to others' opinions
C) personal tastes are not something to be challenged
D) it is unwise to express one's likes and dislikes in public
A) it is stated by judges in the court
B) it reflects public like and dislikes
C) it is a result of a lot of controversy
D) it is based on careful thought
A) means that one can ignore other people's criticism
B) means that one can impose his pre6ereaccs on others
C) doesn't mean that one has the right to do things at will
D) doesn't mean that one has the right to charge others without evidence
Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single ling through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
A rectal study, published in last week’s Journal of the American Medical Association, offers a picture of how risky it is to get a lift from a teenage driver, Indeed, a 16-year-old driver with three or more passengers is three times as likely to have a fatal accident as a teenager driving alone, By contrast, the risk of death for drivers between 30 and 59 decreases with each additional passenger.
The autboes also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased dramatically after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight, With passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.
Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior” than with just a lack of driving experience. “The basic issue.” Be says, “is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is.”
Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使……缓解)the problem is to have states institute
so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a multistage process. A graduated license requires that a leenager first prove himself capable of driving in the presence of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passcager restrictions, before graduating to full driving privileges.
Graduated licensing systems have reduced leenage driver crashes, according to recent studies, About half of the states now have some sort of graduated Hcensing system in place, but only 10 of those states have restrictions on passengers, California is the strictest, with a novice(新手)driver prohibited from carrying any passenger under 20(without the presence of an adult over 25)for the first six months.21. Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?
A) Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m.
B) A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.
C) Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.
D) A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.22. According to Robert Foss. The high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to ________
A) their frequent driving at nightC) their lack of driving experience
B) their improper way of driving D) their driving with passengers23. According to Paragraph 3. which of the following statements is TRUE?
A) Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.
B) Driving is a skill too complicated for teenagers to learn.
C) Restrictions should be imposed on teenagers applying to take driving lessons.
D) The licensing authonties are partly responsible for teenagers' driving accidents.24. A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers' driving accidents is that ________ .
A) driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule
B) they should be prohibited from taking on passengers
C) they should not be allowed to drive after 10 p.m.
D) the licensing system should be improved25. The present situation in about half of the states is that the graduated licensing system ________.
A) is under discussion C) has been put into effect
B) is about to be set up D) has been perfected
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
If you know exactly what you want, the best route to a job is to get specialized training. A recent survey shows that companies the graduates in such fields as business and health care who can go to work immediately with very little on-the-job training.
That's especially true of booing fields that are challenging for workers. At Cornell's School of Hotel Administration, for example, bachelor's degree graduates get an average of four or five job offers with salaries ranging from the high teens to the low 20s and plenty of chances for rapid advancement. Large companies, especially, like a background of formal education coupled with work experience.
But in the long run, too much specialization doesn't pay off. Business, which has been flooded with MBAs, no longer considers the degree an automatic stamp of approval. The MBA may open doors and command a higher salary injtially, but the impact of a degree washes out after five years.
As further evidence of the erosion (销蚀26. What kinds of people are in high demand on the job market?
A) Students with a bachelor's degree in humanities.
B) People with an MBA degree front top universities.
C) People with formal schooling plus work experience.
D) People with special training in engineering
A) most MBA programs fail to provide students with a solid foundation
B) an MBA degree does not help promotion to managerial positions
C) MBA programs will not be as popular in five years' time as they are now
D) in five people will forget about the degree the MBA graduates have got
A) people who have a strategic mind
B) people who are talented in fine arts
C) people who are ambitious and aggressive
D) people who have received training in mechanics
A) they are more capable of handling changing situations
B) they can stick to established ways of solving problems
C) they are thoroughly trained in a variety of specialized fields
D) they have attended special programs in management
A) Specialists are more expensive to hire than generalists.
B) Formal schooling is less important than job training.
C) On-the-job training is, in the long run, less costly.
D) Generalists will outdo specialists in management.
the boy—who could not have been more than seven or eight years old —replied. "Frankly, I've been feeling a little depressed lately.''
This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed my growing belief that children are changing. As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed” until we were in high school.
The evidence of a change in children has increased steadily in recent years. Children don’t seem childlike anymore. Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.
Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different. Childhood as it once was no longer exists, Why?
Human development is based not only on innate (天生的
B) something hardly to be expected in a young child
C) an inevitable has of children's mental development
D) a mental scale present in all humans, including children
B) gradually and under guidance D)through exposure to social information
B) the poor arrangement of teaching content
C) the fast pace of human intellectual development
D) the constantly rising standard of living
B) It develops children's interest in reading and writing.
C) It helps children to memorize and practice more.
D) It can control what children are to learn.
B) He thinks it is a phenomenon worthy of note.
C) He considers it a positive development.
D) He seems to be upset about it.
A) Everyone has a right to hold his own opinion.
B) Free expression of opinions often leads to confusion.
C) Most people tend to be careless in forming their opinions.
D) Casual use of the word "opinion" often brings about quarrels.
A) Someone who turns a deaf ear to others' opinions.
B) Someone who can't put up with others' tastes.
C) Someone who values only their own opinions.
D) Someone whose opinion harm. other people.
A) it is foolish to criticize a famous brand
B) one should not always agree to others' opinions
C) personal tastes are not something to be challenged
D) it is unwise to express one's likes and dislikes in public
A) it is stated by judges in the court
B) it reflects public like and dislikes
C) it is a result of a lot of controversy
D) it is based on careful thought
A) means that one can ignore other people's criticism
B) means that one can impose his pre6ereaccs on others
C) doesn't mean that one has the right to do things at will
D) doesn't mean that one has the right to charge others without evidence
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