英语四级阅读技巧--判断词汇和短语意义题

命题规律
    1、含有指示代词的句中，常有被考查词汇或短语。 

     2、具体环境中，具有指代上下文语义功能的词汇尤其是名词，常成为考查对象。 

     3、一词多义的常见词及词组易考     例题：

  CET4 1995年6月第2篇
  Can we pay too much attention to details? Absolutely, Perfectionists struggle over little things at the cost of something larger they work toward." To keep from losing the forest for the trees", says Charles Garfield, associate professor at the University of California, San Francisco, "We must constantly ask ourselves how the details we're working On fit into the larger picture. If they don't, we should drop them and move to something else".

Q:The word"perfectionists"(Line 1,Para.3.)refers to those who ____.
  [A]demand others to get everything absolutely right
  [B]know how to adjust their goals according to the circumstances
  [C]pay too much attention to details only to lose their major objectives
  [D]are capable of achieving perfect results in whatever they do

    正确答案是 [C]
    perfectionist本义是“完美主义者”，似乎与[A]和[D]更接近，但本文主旨，甚至通过本段也可知，作者反对对细节过分注意，结果反倒牺牲了大局。而perfectionist正是作者批评的那类人，因而选项应是符合作者批判态度的，因此[C]是正确的。

    通过连接词关系如and，or等判断被考词汇含义。一般来说，and与连接的两项内容在义上是接近的或递进的，而以or连接的两项内容在含义上往往相反，但有时or后面的内容，也是对前面内容的进一步解释和说明。当然其他表递进、转折、因果等关系的信号词均可用来帮助判断词义。