大学英语四级阅读理解练习 八

　　Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
　　Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:
　　As is known to all, the organization and management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Account Department is responsible for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.
　　If a firm wants to adopt a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a method of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be successful, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers.
　　In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, usually in "points", which are added together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their ability to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without reference to an evaluation system based on points.
　　In attempting to design a pay system, the Personnel Department should compare the value of each job with those in the job market. It should also consider economic factors such as the cost of living and the labour supply.
　　It is necessary that payment for a job should vary with any differences in the way that job is performed. Where it is simple to measure the work done, as in the work done with the hands, monetary（金钱的）encouragement schemes are often chosen, for indirect workers, where measurement is difficult, methods of additional payments are employed.
　　1. If a firm wants its new pay structure to be successful, it is necessary to get ________ to have the same opinion as the employers.
　　 A) the Trade Union
　　 B) the Personnel Department
　　 C) the Account Department
　　 D) the designer of the pay structure
　　2. In designing a new pay system, a firm should consider ________ besides comparing the value of each job with values in the job market.
　　 A) the ways of evaluating management work
　　 B) the method of calculating the pay
　　 C) the requirements of each job
　　 D) the labour supply and the cost of living
　　3．Methods of additional payments are adopted for indirect workers because ________.
　　 A) their work is not so important as other workers'
　　 B) they do not get good wages
　　 C) the measurement of their work is difficult
　　 D) the company does not have enough money
　　4.If a job is performed differently, ____________.
　　 A) only the Account Department is involved in the management of wages and salaries.
　　 B) the method of evaluating higher management work is the same as that of evaluating the job done by workers.
　　 C) the payment for the job should be different too.
　　 D) an evaluation system based on points is usually used to measure management work.
　　5. The main purpose of this passage is to ________.
　　 A) give details about the responsibilities of both Account Department and Personnel Department
　　 B) telll readers how a firm can succeed in adopting a new pay system
　　 C) explain how the performance of a job can be measured in points
　　 D) convince readers that management work is more difficult to evaluate than the work done by workers