大学英语四级阅读理解练习 六

　　Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:
　　Advertising in America offers some great advantages to consumers. For example, in order to keep prices low through mass production, companies must have a mass market for their products. Mass advertising creates mass markets. Producers cannot afford to develop new products, put them on the market and wait for customers to discover them. This would take too long. Demand for some products must be created. This is done through advertising.
　　But advertising sometimes makes it difficult for consumers to make wise decisions. The fact is that when people are constantly flooded with messages through the mass media（大众媒体）persuading them to buy particular products, many respond by buying them.
　　Advertising is designed to influence an individual to buy a product. Sellers often study human behavior to discover what will convince consumers to buy a certain item. This reason for buying is called a buying motive.
　　Buying motives are usually broken down into two categories: rational and emotional. Rational buying motives include the desire to save money, the desire for comfort, or the desire for good workmanship. Emotional buying motives include buying out of fear, wanting to be liked, and wanting to have something better than your friends have.
　　Emotional appeals are found in most consumer advertising today. Certain cars promise to make the driver feel "younger" and " freer". Shoes promise to make the buyer's whole life "springier". Life insurance policies promise to take the "care out of living".
　　Most consumers believe that they are not easily influenced by emotional appeals. However, corporations that sell consumer products obviously think differently. They spend many millions of dollars every day on radio, television, newspaper and magazine ads that use these appeals.　　6.It can be inferred from the passage that one of the advantages of advertising for consumers is that __________.
　　 A) it can create a big demand for consumer goods
　　 B) the mass market created by it leads to low prices
　　 C) producers can introduce new products to consumers
　　 D) it helps consumers discover new products
　　7.Consumers sometimes find it difficult to make a sensible decision when buying a particular product because __________ .
　　 A) many advertisements are too difficult for them to understand
　　 B） they are afraid to be taken in by dishonest advertisements
　　 C） mass advertising offers them a range of good and cheap products
　　 D) they are confused by the quantity of advertisements promoting it
　　8.According to the passage, a toothpaste ad promising that people who use the product will make a lot of friends is an example of an ad that appeals to __________ .
　　 A) rational buying motives
　　 B） the consumer's commonsense
　　 C） emotional buying motives
　　 D) the desire for a good product
　　9.The reason why companies spend enormous amounts of money on advertising is that ________ .
　　 A) they believe people can be influenced to buy a certain produce
　　 B） it takes a lot of advertising to convince people to buy a certain product
　　 C） most consumers are not easily influenced by emotional appeals
　　 D) advertising based on emotional appeals are very effective
　　10.The best title for this passage would be ________ .
　　 A) Advertising can create demand
　　 B）The advantages of advertising
　　 C）What effective advertising can do
　　 D）The role of advertising in selling products
　　Questions 11to 20 are based on the following passage:
　　We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming（把…按能力分班）pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!
　　Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual (智力的) abilities. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.
　　In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.
　　Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this effectively. And expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.
　　11. Group work provides pupils with the opportunity_________.
　　 A) to develop academic abilities
　　 B) to learn to teach.
　　 C) to do some experiments
　　 D) to learn to be capable organizers.
　　12.By "held back" in the first paragraph the author means _________.
　　 A) drawn to their studies
　　 B) prevented from advancing
　　 C) made to remain in the same classes
　　 D) forced to study in the lower classes
　　13.In the passage the author's attitude towards " mixed-ability teaching" is ________.
　　 A) questioning
　　 B) approving
　　 C) objective
　　 D) critical
　　14.The author's purpose of writing this passage is to _________.
　　 A) offer advice on the proper use of the library
　　 B) emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching
　　 C) argue for teaching bright and not -so-bright pupils in the same class
　　 D) recommend pair work and group-work for classroom activities
　　15.The author argues that a teacher's chief concern should be the development of the student's _________.
　　 A) total personality
　　 B) intellectual ability
　　 C) learning ability and communicative skills
　　 D) personal qualities and social skills