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In the UK it is estimated that work-related stress is responsible for six million days of sick leave a year,with stress being linked to many minor and major illnesses.

For most people,work is a significant and meaningful part of life with the majority of us spending aroun 25% of our adult lives owrking. While work can provide us with purpose, satistaction,sell-esteem and spending power,the workplace can also be a setting of stress and worry.

What is work-ralated stress?

Everyone is under some pressure in the workplace.Some external pressures can be a postive factor, helping us to be more productive.Some people actually thrive under short-term added pressure, and our bodies are designed to meet these short-term demands.Hormones are released to prepare us for a “fight of flight” response to demanding situations. However,excessive and prolonged stress can produce a range of physical and emotional health problems which have come to be grouped as “work-related stress”.

There is no single cause of work-ralated stress. While stress can be triggered by sudden, unexpected pressures, it is often the result of a combination of stressful factors which accumulate over time.Some people can become so used to the symptoms of excessive stress that it goes unnoticed to their detriment（危害）.Most work-related stress is related to management of work, relationships at work,organizational set-up and whether you feel you have power and control in your work.

The experience of stress is different for every person. Some people are affected mor than others, so what is stressful for ome person may not be stressful for another. It can depend on your personality type and on how you have learned to respond to pressure.

It is impossible to escape pressure at work altogether, so it is important to learn how to manage stress. There are a number of ways in which you can reduce the negative impact of stress.

Changes at work

If work-related stress is affecting you, it is important to deal with the problem as soon as possible. One of the most important factors in reducing stress levels is managing time effectively. Prioritize tasks. Completing one task before going on to the next will help you to feel more in control of work.

Make time to relax at work by stretching and breathing deeply. This will help you to keep focused and prevent tired muscles. Simply ensuring you get outside for a walk during your lunch break can be helpful.

It is helpful to identify which situations stress you most. Practice how you could behave differently in tricky situations. Perhaps you need to be more assertive, or you need to learn to “take a step back” in tricky situations. It can seem hard to confront the causes of workplace stress and to ask for help. But sometimes, support and advice from your line manager or human resources department is necessary to help you deal with difficulties at work.

If you find talking about your concerns difficult, it may help to make notes to bring along to the work interview with you.Make these clear and specific. Try to remember that it is in everybody’s interest that the workplace is as stress-free as possible.

Lifestyle changes

Regular activities outside work will help you to meet new people,take your mind away from work worries and remind you that there is more to life than the office. Bring a sense of fun into your life by starting a creative hobby such as painting, or a new form of physical activity such as dancing or swimming. There is increasing evidence that that regular hpysical activity helps to reduce stress levels. A brisk daily walk is ideal, but the main thing is to choose an activity that you enjoy.

Learning to relax can improve sleep and relieve stress-related physical pains such and stomach pains and headaches. The local library will have details of adult education classes where you can learn helpful techniques. Libraries loan books, tapes or computer-based packages. Confiding(信赖) in stusted friends or relatives is a useful way to articulate(倾诉) worries and negative feelings. It can give a fresh perspective and help to make stressful situations more manageable. Avoid unhelpful responses to stress such as increased alcohol intake, smoking, and high caffeine intake. These all increase stress levels. Regular meals and a balanced, high-fiber diet will provide sustained levels of energy to keep you fit to deal with the stressful situations.At the end of the day,reflect on what you’ve achieved rather than worrying about future work. Don’t be too hard on yourself..

Seeking further help

Some people need to seek further help for work related stress,as they may be depressed or have an anxiety disorder which needs treatment. Anyone concerned that they need help should visit their psychological doctor’s ofr advice. If you are diagnosed with depression, you may be prescribed a course of antidepressants.Other treatments can inclued a talking therapy such as counseling.

There are also courses for stress management and lots of self help resources.Some workplaces may provide a confidential counseling service or telephone helpline. Libraries, social services and local health centers will have details of local courses.

Conclusion

Stress is an inevitable but complex companion to our working lives. Without challenges and pressures,work would lack sparkle, but we all have the capacity to be overwhelmed by work-related stress. The aim should be to manage stress by becoming aware of our individual ways of responding to it,and through making effective changes to our working lifestyle.

1. Ordinarily, adult people spend most of their time working.

2. Work-related stress refers to all the pressures received from workplace.

3. The top administrators in a company suffer less stress.

4. Different ways to respond to pressure lead to different degrees of stress people feel.

5. To do the most important and urgent work first can be helpfule to relieve work-related stress.

6. Take an outside walk after a whole morning’s work can make a good relax for you.

7. The author suggests avoiding the most stressful situations in work once you have identify them.

8. To______ the physical activity you do regularly outside work is the most important thing for stress relief.

9. Sharing_________ with your close friends or family members is helpfule for you to reduce stress.

10. Those who have suffered an anxiety disorder is are suggested to go to see ____