2010年12月英语四级阅读专项练习(10)
Many people often enjoy eating out either before or after a visit to the theatre. However, most of us would rather keep the two __11__ separate. One man who thinks that they can be successfully combined has not only expressed his ideas in a recent book, but also set up an establishment where the theory is put very __12__ into practice. The man is Paul Thornton, and the place is the Hollics, an old farmhouse.
Whenever I visit a new restaurant, I feel the same excitement that keen theatre-goers must experience on opening night. I had this feeling last Friday evening at dusk, as my wife and I were taking a walk in the beautiful gardens of the restaurant __13__ after we had arrived. Dinner was as excellent as we had been __14__ . There is no menu, for Mr. Thornton creates his meals rather as a director produces a play. Nevertheless, the various combinations of __15__ at each course are always __16__ as if they were done by magic. He and his team of highly skilled helpers serve, cut and cook the food, moving about the "stage" as confidently as __17__ actors. The meal is as different from what one finds in ordinary restaurants as a __18__ performance of A Midsummer Night's Dream would be from a second-rate television production.
May I offer a few words of advice in case you are thinking of paying him a visit. Try not to arrive just after noon, as Mr. Thornton does not serve a normal lunch. His "brunch" which __19 __ the best __ 20__ of a traditional English breakfast, is served around eleven o'clock and is so plentiful that lunch is unnecessary.来源：http://www.hxen.net
A. features B. shortly C. potential D. definitely
E. perfect F. promoted G. live H. professional I. characters
J. promised K. choices L. includes M. pleasures N. vigorously O. substitutions
40 years ago the idea of disabled people doing sport was never heard of. But when the annual games for the disabled were started at Stoke Mandeville, England in 1948 by Sir Ludwig Guttmann, the situation began to change.
Sir Ludwig Guttmann, who had been driven to England in 1939 from Nazi Germany, had been asked by the British government to set up an injuries center at Stoke Mandeville Hospital near London. His ideas about treating injuries included sport for the disabled.
In the first games just two teams of injured soldiers took part. The next year, 1949, five teams took part. From those beginnings, things have developed fast. Teams now come from abroad to Stoke Mandeville every year. In 1960 the first Olympics for the Disabled were held in Rome, in the same place as the normal Olympic Games. Now, every four years the Olympic Games for the Disabled are held, if possible, in the same place as the normal Olympic Games, although they are organized separately. In other years Games for the Disabled are still held at Stoke Mandeville. In the 1984 wheelchair Olympic Games, 1064 wheelchair athletes from about 40 countries took part. Unfortunately, they were held at Stoke Mandeville and not in Los Angeles, along with the other Olympics.
The Games have been a great success in promoting international friendship and understanding, and in proving that being disabled does not mean you can't enjoy sport. One small source of disappointment for those who organize and take part in the games, however, has been the unwillingness of the International Olympic Committee to include disabled events at Olympic Games for the able-bodied. Perhaps a few more years are still needed to convince those fortunate enough not to be disabled that their disabled fellow athletes should not be excluded.
21. The first games for the disabled were held______after Sir Ludwig Guttmann arrived
in England.
A. 40 years B. 21 years
C. 10 years D. 9 years
22. Besides Stoke Mandeville, surely the games for the disabled were once held in______.
A. New York B. London
C. Rome D. Los Angeles
23. In Paragraph 3, the word "athletes" means______.
A. people who support the games B. people who watch the games
C. people who organize the games D. people who compete in the games
24. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an early organizer of the games for the disabled.
B. Sir Ludwig Guttmann is an injured soldier.
C. Sir Ludwig Guttmann is from Germany.
D. Sir Ludwig Guttmann is welcomed by the British government.
25. From the passage, we may conclude that the writer is ______.
A. one of the organizers of the game for the disabled
B. a disabled person who once took part in the games
C. against holding the games for the disabled
D. in favor of holding the games for the disabled
It is well known that when an individual joins a group he tends to accept the group's standards of behavior and thinking. Many illustrations (例证) could be given of this from everyday life, but what is of particular interest to psychologists is the extent to which people's judgments and opinions can be changed as a result of group pressure. Asch and others noticed that people in a group will agree to statements that are contrary to the evidence of their senses. It would be a mistake to think that only particular changeable people are chosen to take part in experiments of this type. Usually highly intelligent and independent people are used.
In a typical experiment, this is what may happen. The experimenter asks for volunteers to join a group which is investigating visual perception. The victims are not, therefore, aware of the real purpose of the experiment. Each volunteer is taken to a room where he finds a group of about seven people who are collaborating(合作) with the experimenter. The group is shown a standard card which contains a single line. They are then asked to look at a second card. This has three lines on it. One is obviously longer than the line on the first card, one is shorter and one the same length. They have to say which line on the second card is the same length as the line on the standard card. The other members of the group answer first but what the volunteer does not know is that they have been told to pick one of the wrong lines. When his turn comes he is faced with the unanimous (一致的 ) opinion of the rest of the group—all the others have chosen line A but he quite clearly sees line B as correct. What will he do? According to Asch, more than half of the victims chosen will change their opinion. What is equally surprising is that, when interviewed about their answers, most explained that they know the group choice was incorrect but that they yield to the pressure of the group because they thought they must be suffering from an optical illusion, or because they were afraid of being different.
26. The psychologists are particularly interested in_______.
A. the changes in the attitudes of the people
B. the degree of changes of people's opinions
C. the result of the experiment
D. the difference in people's characters
27. People who are usually chosen to take part in the experiments are_______.
A. stubborn and independent B. intelligent
C. ignorant and docile D. capable of reasoning
28. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The experimenter and all the members of the group except the victim know the purpose of the experiment.
B. All of them know the purpose of the experiment.
C. Only the experimenter knows the purpose of the experiment.
D. Only the victim knows the purpose of the experiment.
29. More than half of the victims changed their opinion because_______.
A. someone in the group changed their opinion
B. they thought their eyes must be deceived
C. they thought the group choice was correct.
D. they had been told about the answer本文来源:和谐英语学习网
30. The purpose of the author in writing this passage is to_______.
A. illustrate the influence of the group's pressure on individual's behavior
B. invite more volunteers to join in Asch's experiment
C. tell the audience how to perform psychological experiment
D. encourage people to act against the group's opinion
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