英语四级阅读真题长难句解析14

66. Interest in pursuing international careers has soared in recent years, enhanced by chronic(长久的) personnel shortages that are causing companies to search beyond their home borders for talent. (2006年6月)

【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为 Interest has soared。过去分词 enhanced 作定语，修饰 Interest，表示被动。that 引导定语从句，修饰 shortages。

【译文】近几年来，由于长时间的人员紧缺，许多公司都跨出国界寻求人才，从而使得人们到海外寻求工作的热情和兴趣日益高涨。

67. Variables included the slope of the land, the ability of the pavement to support the load, the intensity of road use and the nature of the underlying soil. (2006年6月)

【分析】本句是简单句。句子主干为 Variables included…。并列结构 the slope of the land, the ability of the pavement to support the load, the intensity of road use和 the nature of the underlying soil是included 的宾语。

【译文】变数包括土地的坡度、人行道所能支撑的承受力、道路使用密集度以及下方土地的性质。

68. Long-span, segmented-concrete, cable-stayed bridges such as Hale Boggs in Louisiana and the Sunshine Skyway in Florida, and remarkable tunnels like Fort McHenry in Maryland and Mt. Baker in Washington, met many of the nation’s physical challenges. (2006年6月)

【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为 Bridges and tunnels met challenges。long-span, segmented-concrete和 cable-stayed是三个并列的合成形容词作bridges的定语。such as和like表示举例说明。

【译文】跨度大、混凝土分割、电缆遍布的大桥，如路易斯安那州的黑尔伯格，佛罗里达州的阳光大道；还有著名的隧道，如马里兰州的福特马克亨利，华盛顿州的贝克山，这些建筑的建设都遇到了许多国内自然条件的挑战。

69. Not only has the highway system affected the American economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping centers. (2006年6月)

【分析】本句为并列句。句子主干为Not only has the highway system affected the economy, it has led to the growth。not only…but also 句型属并列结构，意为“不仅……而且”，but also 可以省略。 not only 在句首，句子谓语要用部分倒装语序。

【译文】公路系统不但通过提供运输路线影响美国经济的发展，还带动了一批诸如加油站、汽车旅馆、酒店、购物中心等相关行业的发展。

70. An educated mother, on the other hand, has greater earning abilities outside the home and faces an entirely different set of choices. (2006年6月)

【分析】 本句为简单句。句子主干为mother has abilities and faces choices。on the other hand是插入结构，分隔了主语和谓语，意为“另一方面”。

【译文】从另一方面来讲，一位受过教育的母亲，有更多在外赚钱的本事，并且能面对一系列完全不同的选择。