英语四级阅读真题长难句解析15

71. His results, to be presented at the conference on human-computer interaction in Vienna, Austria, in April, have surprised psychologists. (2006年6月)

【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为 results have surprised psychologists。to be presented…in April 是不定式短语作定语，修饰 results。

【译文】他的研究结果令一些心理学家非常吃惊，他将在四月份奥地利维也纳举行的人机互动交流大会上为大家展现。

72. And economics, with its emphasis on incentives，provides guideposts that point to an explanation for why so many girls are deprived of an education. (2006年6月)

【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为economics provides guideposts。介词短语 with its emphasis on incentives 是 economics 的伴随状语，分隔了主句的主语和谓语。that引导定语从句，修饰 guideposts。why引导宾语从句，作 explanation for 的宾语。

【译文】因为本身强调激励作用，经济学对于大多数女孩被剥夺受教育权利的原因作出了解释。

73. Many in-home jobs that used to be done primarily by women — ranging from family shopping to preparing meals to doing voluntary work — still need to be done by someone. (2006年12月)

【分析】 本句为复合句。句子主干为 jobs need to be done。 that 引导定语从句，修饰 jobs。 ranging from…to…voluntary work 是现在分词短语作定语，也修饰 jobs。

【译文】许多过去主要由妇女做的家务活，例如购物、准备晚饭、做义务家务，现在仍然需要有人完成。

74. In fact, New York’s municipal water for more than a century was called the champagne of tap water and until recently considered among the best in the world in terms of both taste and purity. (2006年12月)

【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为 water was called the champagne and considered the best。 for more than a century 是时间状语。

【译文】实际上一个多世纪以来，纽约的市政水一直被称为自来水中的香槟，而且直到现在也被认为是世界上味道最好、最纯净的水。

75. Girls are thus seen as less valuable than boys and are kept at home to do housework while their brothers are sent to school — the prophecy(预言) becomes self-fulfilling, trapping women in a vicious circle(恶性循环) of neglect. (2006年6月)

【分析】本句为复合句。主句是破折号后的内容，前面则是prophecy的同位语从句。该从句包含一个while引导的比较状语从句，其中又嵌套一个than引导的比较状语从句，省略了从句谓语。trapping是现在分词短语作伴随状语。

【译文】所以，与男孩相比，女孩被认为没有用处而只能待在家里做家务，而她们的兄弟却被送去读书——这样的预言正如预期的那样成为了现实，使女性陷入被忽视的恶性循环。