英语四级阅读真题长难句解析16

76. It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by a failure in the trade winds(信风), which affects the ocean currents driven by these winds. (2006年6月)

【分析】本句为并列复合句。主句为It starts in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to be caused by…winds。which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰 failure。过去分词短语driven by these winds是the ocean currents的后置定语。

【译文】这种现象首先出现在太平洋，并且被认为是由于信风引起的，信风会对洋流产生影响。

77. A government study recommended a national highway system of 33,920 miles, and Congress soon passed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944, which called strict, centrally controlled design criteria. (2006年6月)

【分析】本句为并列复合句。主句为A government study recommended…, and Congress soon passed the…Act of 1944。 which 引导非限制性定语从句，修饰 Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944。

【译文】一份政府研究报告建议在全国范围建设总长33920英里的公路，国会很快就通过了1944年联邦支持公路的法案，这项法案规定了严格的中央控制的设计标准。

78. Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed under the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world, and were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns. (2006年6月)

【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为 system and methods influenced construction and were invaluable。第二个and连接两个并列谓语。developed under the interstate program 是过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 systems和methods。

【译文】在州际公路项目下发展的交通控制系统以及建筑方式很快影响到了世界范围公路的建设，并为改善城市街道和交通模式起到了重要作用。

79. By opening the North American continent, highways have enabled consumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areas of the country, spurred the growth of suburbs, and provided people with greater options in terms of jobs, access to cultural programs, health care, and other benefits. (2006年6月)

【分析】本句为简单句。句子主干为highways have enabled…to reach people, spurred the growth, and provided people with options。By opening the North American continent 是方式状语。

【译文】通过开通北美洲路线，公路使得消费品和服务能够到达住在边远地区和农村地区的人们那里，刺激周边地区经济发展，为人们提供更多选择，如工作、文化活动、保健及其他福利。

80. The technological advances made it possible for the middle classes to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich. (2006年6月)

【分析】本句为复合句。句子主干为technological advances made it possible to enjoy…。it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是to enjoy what had once been affordable only to the very rich。what 引导的从句作enjoy的宾语。possible 是made的宾语补足语。

【译文】技术上的进步使中产阶级也能享受到那些原来只有有钱人才负担得起的东西。