1993年6月英语四级真题及答案

Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)
Section A
1. (A) The pear. (C) The sea food.
(B) The weather. (D) The cold.
2. (A) Mary has never studied mathematics. (C) Mary enjoys learning mathematics.
(B) Mary must be good at mathematics. (D) Mary probably is poor at mathematics.
3. (A) George's brother. (C) George's father.
(B) George's wife. (D) George's father-in-law.
4. (A) She can use his car. (C) She must get her car fixed.
(B) She can borrow someone else's car. (D) She can't borrow his car.
5. (A) At 2:35. (C) At 3:00.
(B) At 2:45. (D) At 3:15.
6. (A) To the bank. (C) To a shoe store.
(B) To bookstore. (D) To the grocer's.
7. (A) Near the station (C) In the city.
(B) In the country (D) Near her work place
8. (A) At a cigarette store (C) At a gas station
(B) At a bus station (D) At Aunt Mary's
9. (A) Form upstairs (C) Form the Nelsons' house.
(B) Form next door. (D) Form the back door.
10. (A) The choice of course. (C) An evening course.
(B) A day course. (D) Their work.
Section B
Passage One
Questions 11 to 14 are based on the following passage you have just heard.
11. (A) They haven't reached a decision yet. (C) They want to go hunting camping.
(B) They have decided to go hunting bears. (D) They want to go exploring the country.
12. (A) Susie. (C) The speaker.
(B) Tom. (D) The speaker's husband.
12. (A) They chased the bear away.
(B) They stayed outside the tent and did nothing.
(C) They climbed up a tree.
(D) They put some honey outside for the bear to eat.
14. (A) He ate the honey. (C) He chased the people away.
(B) He drank the beer. (D) He turned things upside down.
Passage Two
Questions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.
15. (A) He missed the appointment. (C) He was sick.
(B) He arrived late. (D) He was very busy.
16. (A) He was busy sightseeing. (C) He didn't want to see Mr. Jordan any more.
(B) He couldn't reach Mr. Jordan's office. (D) He didn't want to take the trouble making it.
17. (A) The trip didn't do any good to his health.
(B) The trip was a complete disappointment.
(C) The trip was enjoyable but not fruitful in terms of business.
(D) The trip made it possible for him to meet many interesting people.
Passage Three
Questions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.
18. (A) He lost consciousness. (C) He was seriously injured.
(B) He was slightly wounded. (D) He was buried under an icebox.
19. (A) About four days. (C) A day and a half.
(B) Around eight days. (D) More than six days.
20. (A) His father pulled him out in time. (C) He stayed in an icebox.
(B) He left the area before the earthquake. (D) Their house escaped the earthquake.

Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Passage One
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.
Nursing at Beth Israel Hospital produces the best patient care possible. If we are to solve the nursing shortage (不足), hospital administration and doctors everywhere would do well to follow Beth Israel's example.
At Beth Israel each patient is assigned to a primary nurse who visits at length with the patient and constructs a full-scale health account that covers everything from his medical history to his emotional state. Then she writes a care plan centered on the patient's illness but which also includes everything else that is necessary.
The primary nurse stays with the patient through his hospitalization, keeping track with his progress and seeking further advice from his doctor. If a patient at Beth Israel is not responding to treatment, it is not uncommon for his nurse to propose another approach to his doctor. What the doctor at Beth Israel has in the primary nurse is a true colleague.
Nursing at Beth Israel also involves a decentralized (分散的) nursing administration; every floor, every unit is a self-contained organization. There are nurse-managers instead of head nurses; in addition to their medical duties they do all their own hiring and dismissing, employee advising, and they make salary recommendations. Each unit's nurses decide among themselves who will work what shifts and when.
Beth Israel's nurse-in-chief ranks as an equal with other vice presidents of the hospital. She also is a member of the Medical Executive Committee, which is most hospitals includes only doctors.
21.Which of the following best characterizes the main feature of the nursing system at Beth Israel Hospital?
(A) The doctor gets more active professional support from the primary nurse.
(B) Each patient is taken care of by a primary nurse day and night.
(C) The primary nurse writes care plans for every patient.
(D) The primary nurse keeps records of the patient's health conditions every day.
22.It can be inferred from the passage that _____.
(A) compared with other hospitals nurse at Beth Israel Hospital are more patient
(B) in most hospitals patient care is inadequate from the professional point of view
(C) In most hospital nurse get low salaries
(D) Compared with other hospital nurses have to work longer hours at Beth Israel Hospital
23.A primary nurse can propose a different approach of treatment when _____.
(A) the present one is refused by the patient
(B) the patient complains about the present one
(C) the present one proves to be ineffective
(D) the patient is found unwilling to cooperate
24.The main difference between a nurse-manager and a head nurse is that the former _____.
(A) is a member of the Medical Executive Committee of the hospital
(B) has to arrange the work shifts of the unit's nurses
(C) can make decisions concerning the medical treatment of a patient
(D) has full responsibility in the administration of the unit's nurses
25.The author's attitude towards the nurse system at Beth Israel Hospital is _____.
(A) negative (C) neutral
(B) critical (D) positive
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies-and other creatures-learn to do things because certain acts lead to "rewards"; and there is no reason to doubt that this is true. But it used also to be widely believed that effective reward, at least in the early stages, had to be directly related to such basic physiological (生理的) "drives" as thirst or hunger. In other words, a baby would learn if he got food or drink of some sort of physical comfort, not otherwise.
It is now clear that this is not so. Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome.
Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to "reward" the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements, such as turning the head to one side or the other. Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure. So he began to study the children's responses in situations where on milk was provided. He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement "switched on". A display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result, for instance, two left or two right, or even to make as many three turns to one side.
Papusek's light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would "smile and bubble" when the display came on. Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them, it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem, in mastering the skill, and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control.
26.According to the author, babies learn to do things which _____.
(A) are directly related to pleasure (C) will bring them a feeling of success
(B) will meet their physical needs (D) will satisfy their curiosity
27.Papousek noticed in his studies that a baby _____.
(A) would make learned responses when it saw the milk
(B) would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink
(C) would continue the simple movements without being given milk
(D) would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink
28.In Papousek's experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order to ______.
(A) have the lights turned on (C) please their parents
(B) be rewarded with milk (D) be praised
29.The babies would "smile and bubble" at the lights because ______.
(A) the lights were directly related to some basic "drives"
(B) the sight of the lights was interesting
(C) they need not turn back to watch the lights
(D) they succeeded in "switching on" the lights
30.According to Papousek, the pleasure babies get in achieving something is a reflection of _____.
(A) a basic human desire to understand and control the world
(B) the satisfaction of certain physiological needs
(C) their strong desire to solve complex
(D) a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills
Passage Three
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some way does not live up to the manufacturer's claim for it, the first step is to present the warranty (保单), or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction.
A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the "higher up" the consumer takes his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favor, assuming he or she has a just claim.
Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.
Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in questions. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, "The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear" is better than "This stereo (立体声音响) does not work."
The store manager may advise the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and as firmly as possible. But if a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumers' rights.
31. When a consumer finds that his purchase has a fault in it, the first thing he should do is to _____.
(A) complain personally to the manager
(B) threaten to take the matter to court
(C) write a firm letter of complaint to the store or purchase
(D) show some written proof of the purchase to the store
32. If a consumer wants a quick settlement of his problem, it's better to complain to ______.
(A) a shop assistant (C) the manufacturer
(B) the store manager (D) a public organization
33. The most effective complaint can be made by _____.
(A) showing the faulty item to the manufacturer
(B) explaining exactly what is wrong with the item
(C) saying firmly that the item of poor quality
(D) asking politely to change the item
34. The phrase "live up" (Para. 1, Line 2) in the context means _____.
(A) meet the standard of (C) fulfil the demands of
(B) realize the purpose of (D) keep the promise of
35. The passage tells us _____.
(A) How to settle a consumer's complaint about a faulty item
(B) How to make an effective complaint about a faulty item
(C) How to avoid buying a faulty item
(D) How to deal with complaints from customers
Passage Four
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
If women are mercilessly exploited (剥削) year after year, they have only themselves to blame. Because they tremble at the thought of being seem in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. Clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion. When you come to think of it, only a woman is capable of standing in front of a wardrobe (衣柜) packed full of clothes and announcing sadly that she has nothing to wear.
Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. Many women spend vast sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. Women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time altering the dresses they have. Skirts are lengthened or shortened; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.
No one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and durability (耐用). They are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. There can hardly be a man who hasn't at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or delicately picking her way through deep snow in high-heeled shoes.
When comparing men and men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. Do the constantly changing fashions of women's clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? Men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. Do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability? That is for you to decide.
36. Designers and big stores always make money _____.
(A) by mercilessly exploiting women workers in the clothing industry
(B) because they are capable of predicting new fashions
(C) by constantly changing the fashions in women's clothing
(D) because they attach great importance to quality in women's clothing
37. To the writer, the fact that women alter their old-fashioned dresses is seen as _____ .
(A) a waste of money (C) an expression of taste
(B) a waste of time (D) an expression of creativity
38. The writer would be less critical if fashion designers placed more stress on the ______ of clothing.
(A) cost (C) comfort
(B) appearance (D) suitability
39. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? ______.
(A) New fashions in clothing are created for the commercial exploitation of women.
(B) The constant changes in women's clothing reflect their strength of character.
(C) The fashion industry makes an important contribution to society.
(D) Fashion designs should not be encouraged since they are only welcomed by women.
40. By saying "the conclusion to be drawn are obvious" (Para 4, Line 1-2), the writer means that _____.
(A) women's inconstancy in their choice of clothing is often laughed at
(B) women are better able to put up with discomfort
(C) men are also exploited greatly by fashion designers
(D) men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion

Part III vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)
41. Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy ____ for her examination.
(A) to prepare (C) preparing
(B) to be prepared (D) being prepared
42. Five minutes earlier, ____ we could have caught the last train.
(A) and (B) but (C) or (D) an order
43. I cannot give you ____ for the type of car you sell because there is no demand for it in the market.
(A) an expense (B) a charge (C) a purchase (D) an order
44. After ____ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.
(A) being interviewed (C) interviewing
(B) interviewed (D) having interviewed
45. By the end of this month, we surely ____ a satisfactory solution to the problem.
(A) have found (B) will be finding (C) will have found (D) are finding
46. Mr. Wilsonn said that he did not want to ____ any further responsibilities.
(A) take on (B)get on (C) put up (D) look up
47. Having no money but ____ to know, he simply said he would go without dinner.
(A) not to want anyone (C) wanted no one
(B) not wanting anyone (D) to want no one
48. We desire that the tour leader ____ us immediately of any change in plans.
(A) inform (B) informs (C) informed (D) has informed
49. Not ____, the process of choosing names varies widely from culture to culture.
(A) obviously (B) surprisingly (C) particularly (D) normally
50. A man escaped from the prison last night. It was a long time ____ the guards discovered what had happened.
(A) before (B) until (C) since (D) when
51. In the experiment we kept a watchful eye ____ the developments and recorded every detail.
(A) in (B) at (C) for (D) on
52. There's little chance that mankind would ____ a nuclear war.
(A) retain (B) endure (C) maintain (D) survive
53. Nuclear science be developed to benefit the people ____ harm them.
(A) more than (B) other than (C) rather than (D) better than
54. They usually have less money at the end of the month than ____ at the beginning.
(A) which is (B) which was (C) they have (D) it is
55. In the course of a day students do far more than just ____ classes.
(A) attend (B) attended (C) to attend (D) attending
56. The French pianist who had been praised very highly ____ to be a great disappointment.
(A) turned up (B)turned in (C) turned out (D) turned down
57. Many difficulties have ____ as a result of the change over to a new type of fuel.
(A) risen (B) arisen (C) raised (D) arrived
58. He made such a ____ contribution to the university that they are naming one of the new buildings after him.
(A) genuine (B) minimum (C) modest (D) generous
59. Helen was much kinder to her youngest child than she was to the others, of course, made the others jealous.
(A) who (B) that (C) what (D) which
60. In the advanced course students must take performance tests at monthly ____.
(A) gaps (B) intervals (C) length (D) distance
61. Mr. Johnson preferred ____ heavier work to do.
(A) to be given (B) to be giving (C) to have given (D) having given
62. I remember ____ to help us if we ever got into trouble.
(A) once offering (B) him once offering (C) him to offer (D) to offer him
63. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are ____.
(A) out of work (B) out of stock (C) out of reach (D) out of practice
64. Our company decided to ____ the contract because a number of the conditions in it had not been met.
(A) destroy (B) resist (C) assume (D) cancel
65. She is ____ a musician than her brother.
(A) much of (B) much as (C) more of (D) more as
66. Having been found guilty, the man was given a severe _____ by the judge.
(A) service (B) sentence (C) crime (D) crisis
67.____ is known to the world, Mark Twain is great American writer.
(A) That (B) Which (C) As (D) It
68. The residents, ____ had been damaged by the flood, were given help by the Red Cross.
(A) all their homes (C)all of whose homes
(B) all whose homes (D) all of their homes
69. You can't afford to let the situation get worse. You must take ____ to put it right.
(A) decisions (B) directions (C) sides (D) steps
70. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ____ your advice.
(A) follow (B) had followed (C) would follow (D) have followed

Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)
Many teachers believe that the responsibilities for learning lie with the student. 71 a long reading assignment is given, instructors expect students to be familiar with the 72 in the reading even if they do not discuss it in class or take an examination. The 73 student is considered to be 74 who is motivated (激光) to learn for the sake of 75 , not the one interested only in getting high grades. Sometimes homework is returned 76 brief written comments but without a grade. Even if a grade is not given, the student is 77 for learning the material assigned. When research is
78 , the professor expects the student to take it actively and to complete it with 79 guidance. It is the 80 responsibility to find books, magazines, and articles in the library. Professors do not have the time to explain 81 a university library works; they expect students, 82 graduate students, to be able to exhaust the reference 83 in the library. Professors will help students who need it, but 84 that their students should not be 85 dependent on them. In the United States professors have many other duties 86 teaching, such as administrative or research work. 87 , the time that a professor can spend with student outside of class is 88 . If a student has problems with classroom work, the student should either 89 a professor during office hour 90 make an appointment.
71. (A) If (B) Although (C) Because (D) Since
72. (A) suggestion (B) context (C) abstract (D) information
73. (A) poor (B) ideal (C) average (D) disappointed
74. (A) such (B) one (C) any (D) some
75. (A) fun (B) work (C) learning D) prize
76. (A) by (B) in (C) for (D) with
77. (A) criticized (B) innocent (C) responsible (D) dismissed
78. (A) collected (B) distributed (C) assigned (D) finished
79. (A) maximum (B) minimum (C) possible (D) practical
80. (A) student's (B) professor's (C) assistant's (D) librarian's
81. (A) when (B) hat (C) why (D) how
82. (A) particularly (B) essentially (C) obviously (D) rarely
83. (A) selections (B) collections (C) sources (D) origins
84. (A) hate (B)dislike (C) like (D) Prefer
85. (A) too (B)such (C) much (D) more
86. (A) but (B)except (C) with (D) besides
87. (A) However (B)Therefore (C) Furthermore (D) Nevertheless
88. (A) plentiful (B)limited (C) irregular (D) flexible
89. (A) greet (B) annoy (C) approach (D) attach
90. (A) or (B) and (C) to (D) but
Part V Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Most Favorite Programme. You should write no less than 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:
1. 我最喜爱的电视（或无线电）节目是......
2. 这类节目的内容和特点
3. 我喜欢它的原因
You can write the composition in one or more paragraphs. Remember to write it neatly.

93.6
Part I 1—20题
1. C 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. A
11. A 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C 16. D 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. B

Part II——Part IV 21——90题
21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A
31. D 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. B 38. C 39. A 40. D
41. C 42. A 43. D 44. A 45. C 46. A 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. A
51. D 52. D 53. C 54. C 55. A 56. C 57. B 58. D 59. D 60. B
61. A 62. B 63. B 64. D 65. A 66. B 67. C 68. C 69. D 70. B
71. A 72. D 73. B 74. B 75. C 76. D 77. C 78. C 79. B 80. A
81. D 82. A 83. C 84. D 85. A 86. D 87. B 88. B 89. C 90. A