1997年6月大学英语四级真题及答案

Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Example: You will hear:
You will read:
A) 2 hours.
B) 3 hours.
C) 4 hours.
D) 5 hours.
From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center.
Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D]
1. A) Skating.
B) Swimming.
C) Boating and swimming.
D) Boating and skating.
2. A) Put her report on his desk.
B) Read some papers he recommended.
C) Improve some parts of her paper.
D) Mail her report to the publisher.
3. A) She takes it as a kind of exercise.
B) She wants to save money.
C) She loves doing anything that is new.
D) Her office isn’t very far.
4. A) A shop assistant.
B) A telephone operator.
C) A waitress.
D) A clerk.
5. A) A railway porter.
B) A taxi driver.
C) A bus conductor.
D) A postal clerk.
6. A) Most people killed in traffic accidents are heavy drinkers.
B) She does not agree with the man.
C) Drunk drivers are not guilty.
D) People should pay more attention to the danger of drunk driving.
7. A) $1.40.
B) $6.40.
C) $4.30.
D) $8.60.
8. A) Collect papers for the man.
B) Do the typing once again.
C) Check the paper for typing errors.
D) Read the whole newspaper.
9. A) The woman does not want to go to the movies.
B) The man is too tired to go to the movies.
C) The woman wants to go to the movies.
D) The man wants to go out for dinner.
10. A) By bus.
B) By bike.
C) By taxi.
D) On foot.

Section B Compound Dictation
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. Then listen to the passage again. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exact works you have just heard. For blanks numbered from S8 to S10 you are required to fill in the missing information. You can either use the exact works you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

In police work, you can never predict the next crime or problem. No working day is identical to any other, so there is no “(S1) ______________” day for a police officer. Some days are (S2) _______________ slow, and the job is (S3) ______________; other days are so busy that there is no time to eat. I think I can (S4) _____________ police work in one word: (S5) ______________. Sometimes it’s dangerous. One day, for example, I was working undercover; that is, I was on the job, but I was wearing (S6) ______________ clothes, not my police (S7) _____________. I was trying to catch some robbers who were stealing money from people as they walked down the street. Suddenly, (S8) __________________________________________________________________. Another policeman arrived, and together, we arrested three of the men; but the other four ran away. Another day, I helped a woman who was going to have a baby. (S9) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________. I put her in my police car to get her there faster. I thought she was going to have the baby right there in my car. But fortunately, (S10) __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.

Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)
Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B) C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

Passage One
Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:
The fridge is considered a necessity. It has been so since the 1960s when packaged food first appeared with the label:” store in the refrigerator.”
In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthy. The milkman came daily, the grocer, the butcher（肉商）, the baker, and the ice-cream man delivered two or three times a week. The Sunday meat would last until Wednesday and surplus（剩余的）bread and milk became all kinds of cakes. Nothing was wasted, and we were never troubled by rotten food. Thirty years on, food deliveries have ceased, fresh vegetables are almost unobtainable in the country.
The invention of the fridge contributed comparatively little to the art of food preservation. A vast way of well-tried techniques already existed-natural cooling, drying, smoking, salting, sugaring, bottling…
What refrigeration did promote was marketing—marketing hardware and electricity, marketing soft drinks, marketing dead bodies of animals around the globe in search of a good price.
Consequently, most of the world’s fridges are to be found, not in the tropics where they might prove useful, but in the wealthy countries with mild temperatures where they are climatically almost unnecessary. Every winter, millions of fridges hum away continuously, and at vast expense, busily maintaining an artificially-cooled space inside an artificially-heated house-while outside, nature provides the desired temperature free of charge.
The fridge’s effect upon the environment has been evident, while its contribution to human happiness has been insignificant. If you don’t believe me, try it yourself, invest in a food cabinet and turn off your fridge next winter. You may miss the hamburgers（汉堡包）, but at least you’ll get rid of that terrible hum.
11. The statement “In my fridgeless Fifties childhood, I was fed well and healthily.” (Line 1, Para.2) suggests that _______.
A) the author was well-fed and healthy even without a fridge in his fifties
B) the author was not accustomed to using fridges even in his fifties
C) there was no fridge in the author’s home in the 1950s
D) the fridge was in its early stage of development in the 1950s
12. Why does the author say that nothing was wasted before the invention of fridges?
A) People would not buy more food than was necessary.
B) Food was delivered to people two or three times a week.
C) Food was sold fresh and did not get rotten easily.
D) People had effective ways to preserve their food.
13. Who benefited the least from fridges according to the author?
A) Inventors.
B) Consumers.
C) Manufacturers.
D) Traveling salesmen.
14. Which of the following phrases in the fifth paragraph indicates the fridge’s negative effect on the environment?
A) “Hum away continuously”.
B) “Climatically almost unnecessary”.
C) “Artificially-cooled space”.
D) “With mild temperatures”.
15. What is the author’s overall attitude toward fridges?
A) Neutral.
B) Critical.
C) Objective.
D) Compromising.

Passage Two
Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:
The human brain contains 10 thousand million cells and each of these may have a thousand connections. Such enormous numbers used to discourage us and cause us to dismiss the possibility of making a machine with human-like ability, but now that we have grown used to moving forward at such a pace we can be less sure. Quite soon, in only 10 or 20 years perhaps, we will be able to assemble a machine as complex as the human brain, and if we can we will. It may then take us a long time to render it intelligent by loading in the right software（软件）or by altering the architecture but that too will happen.
I think it certain that in decades, not centuries, machines of silicon（硅）will arise first to rival and then exceed their human ancestors. Once they exceed us they will be capable of their own design. In a real sense they will be able to reproduce themselves. Silicon will have ended carbon’s long control. And we will no longer be able to claim ourselves to be the finest intelligence in the known universe.
As the intelligence of robots increases to match that of humans and as their cost declines through economies of scale we may use them to expand our frontiers, first on earth through their ability to withstand environments, harmful to ourselves. Thus, deserts may bloom and the ocean beds be mined. Further ahead, by a combination of the great wealth this new age will bring and the technology it will provide, the construction of a vast, man-created world in space, home to thousands or millions of people, will be within our power.
16. In what way can we make a machine intelligent?
A) By making it work in such environments as deserts, oceans or space.
B) By working hard for 10 or 20 years.
C) By either properly programming it or changing its structure.
D) By reproducing it.
17. What does the writer think about machines with human-like ability?
A) He believes they will be useful to human beings.
B) He believes that they will control us in the future.
C) He is not quite sure in what way they may influence us.
D) He doesn’t consider the construction of such machines possible.
18. The word “carbon” (Line 4, Para.2) stands for _________.
A) intelligent robots
B) a chemical element
C) an organic substance
D) human beings
19. A robot can be used to expand our frontiers when _______.
A) its intelligence and cost are beyond question
B) it is able to bear the rough environment
C) it is made as complex as the human brain
D) its architecture is different from that of the present ones
20. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.
A) after the installation of a great number of cells and connections, robots will be capable of self-reproduction
B) with the rapid development of technology, people have come to realize the possibility of making a machine with human-like ability
C) once we make a machine as complex as the human brain, it will posses intelligence
D) robots will have control of the vast, man-made world in space

Passage Three
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
After the violent earthquake that shook Los Angeles in 1994, earthquake scientists had good news to report: The damage and death toll（死亡人数）could have been much worse.
More than 60 people died in this earthquake. By comparison, as earthquake of similar intensity that shook America in 1988 claimed 25,000 victims.
Injuries and deaths were relatively less in Los Angeles because the quake occurred at 4:31 a.m. on a holiday, when traffic was light on the city’s highways. In addition, changes made to the construction codes in Los Angeles during the last 20 years have strengthened the city’s buildings and highways, making them more resistant to quakes.
Despite the good new, civil engineers aren’t resting on their successes. Pinned to their drawing boards are blueprints（蓝图）for improved quake-resistant buildings. The new designs should offer even greater security to cities where earthquakes often take place.
In the past, making structures quake-resistant meant firm yet flexible materials, such as steel and wood, that bend without breaking. Later, people tried to lift a building off its foundation, and insert rubber and steel between the building and its foundation to reduce the impact of ground vibrations. The most recent designs give buildings brains as well as concrete and steel supports. Called smart buildings, the structures respond like living organisms to an earthquake’s vibrations. When the ground shakes and the building tips forward, the computer would force the building to shift in the opposite direction.
The new smart structures could be very expensive to build. However, they would save many lives and would be less likely to be damaged during earthquakes.
21. One reason why the loss of lives in the Los Angeles earthquake was comparatively low is that _________.
A) new computers had been installed in the buildings
B) it occurred in the residential areas rather than on the highways
C) large numbers of Los Angeles residents had gone for a holiday
D) improvements had been made in the construction of buildings and highways
22. The function of the computer mentioned in the passage is to _____.
A) counterbalance an earthquake’s action on the building
B) predict the coming of an earthquake with accuracy
C) help strengthen the foundation of the building
D) measure the impact of an earthquake’s vibrations
23. The smart buildings discussed in the passage ______
A) would cause serious financial problems
B) would be worthwhile though costly
C) would increase the complexity of architectural design
D) can reduce the ground vibrations caused by earthquakes
24. It can be inferred from the passage that in minimizing the damage caused by earthquakes attention should be focused on _______.
A) the increasing use of rubber and steel in capital construction
B) the development of flexible building materials
C) the reduction of the impact of ground vibrations
D) early forecasts of earthquakes
25. The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to ________.
A) compare the consequences of the earthquakes that occurred in the U.S.
B) encourage civil engineers to make more extensive use of computers
C) outline the history of the development of quake-resistant building materials
D) report new developments in constructing quake-resistant buildings

Passage Four
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
Even plants can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike humans, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet away-straight up. A decade ago, adapting the infrared（红外线）scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide（杀虫剂）spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don’t have pest（害虫）problems.
Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running “fevers”. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.
The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States,” says George Oerther of Texas A&M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.
26. Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they are ________.
A) sprayed with pesticides
B) facing an infrared scanner
C) in poor physical condition
D) exposed to excessive sun rays
27. In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to ______.
A) estimate the damage to the crops
B) draw a color-coded map
C) measure the size of the affected area
D) locate the problem area
28. Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by ______.
A) resorting to spot-spraying
B) consulting infrared scanning experts
C) transforming poisoned rain
D) detecting crop problems at an early date
29. The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties due to _____.
A) the lack of official support
B) its high cost
C) the lack of financial support
D) its failure to help increase production
30. Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of ______.
A) the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce
B) growing concern about the excessive use of pesticides on crops
C) the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture
D) full support from agricultural experts

Part III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

31 The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at ____________ chemist’s.
A) each B) some
C) certain D) any
32 You cannot be __________ careful when you drive a car.
A) very B) so
C) too D) enough
33 In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth the total _________ for living expenses.
A) acceptable B) available
C) advisable D) applicable
34 Every man in this country has the right to live where he wants to _____ the color of his skin.
A) with the exception of B) in the light of
C) by virtue of D) regardless of
35 Housewives who do not go out to work feel they are not working to their full _______.
A) capacity B) strength
C) length D) possibility
36 I hate people who __________ the end of a film that you haven’t seen before.
A) reveal B) rewrite
C) revise D) reverse
37 He’s watching TV? He’s ________ to be cleaning his room.
A) known B) supposed
C) regarded D) considered
38 The old couple decided to _________ a boy and a girl though they had three of their own.
A) adapt B) bring
C) receive D) adopt
39 The government is trying to do something to ________ better understanding between the two countries.
A) raise B) promote
C) heighten D) increase
40 The newspaper did not mention the ________ of the damage caused by the fire.
A) range B) level
C) extent D) quantity
41 The soldier was ___________ of running away when the enemy attacked.
A) scolded B) charged
C) accused D) punished
42 Had he worked harder, he __________ the exams.
A) must have got through
B) would have got through
C) permitted are freshmen
D) are permitted freshmen
43 Only under special circumstances ________ to take make-up tests.
A) are freshmen permitted
B) freshmen are permitted
C) permitted are freshmen
D) are permitted freshmen
44 I had just started back for the house to change my clothes ___________ I heard voices.
A) as B) when
C) after D) while
45 It seems oil ________ from this pipe for some time. We’ll have to take the machine apart to put it right.
A) had leaked B) is leaking
C) leaked D) has been leaking
46 When he arrived, he found _________ the aged and the sick at home.
A) none but B) none other than
C) nothing but D) no other than
47 The pressure ________ causes Americans to be energetic, but it also puts them under a constant emotional strain.
A) to compete B) competing
C) to be competed D) having competed
48 Your hair wants _________. You’d better have it done tomorrow.
A) cut B) to cut
C) cutting D) being cut
49 As teachers we should concern ourselves with what is said, not what we think ________.
A) ought to be said B) must say
C) have to be said D) need to say
50 Once environmental damage __________, it takes many years for the system to recover.
A) has done B) is to do
C) does D) is done
51 Studies show that the things that contribute most to a sense of happiness cannot be bought, __________ a good family life, friendship and work satisfaction.
A) as for B) in view of
C) in case of D) such as
52 He will agree to do what you require __________ him.
A) of B) from
C) to D) for
53 The mere fact _________ most people believe nuclear war would be madness does not mean that it will not occur.
A) what B) which
C) that D) why
54 John seems nice person. ____________, I don’t trust him.
A) Even though B) Even so
C) Therefore D) Though
55 I don’t think it advisable that Tom ________ to the job since he has no experience.
A) is assigned B) will be assigned
C) be assigned D) has been assigned
56 ________, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.
A) Other things being equal
B) Were other things equal
C) To be equal to other things
D) Other things to be equal
57 _______ that my head had cleared, my brain was also beginning to work much better.
A) For B) Now
C) Since D) Despite
58 The man in the corner confessed to __________ a lie to the manager of the company.
A) have told B) be told
C) being told D) having told
59 By 1929, Mickey Mouse was as popular ________ children as Coca-Cola.
A) for B) in
C) to D) with
60 Because Edgar was convinced of the accuracy of this fact, he _______ his opinion.
A) struck at B) stove for
C) stuck to D) stood for

Part IV Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered them and a child rarely dislikes food ___61___ it is badly cooked. The ___62___ a meal is cooked and served is most important and an ___63___ served meal will often improve a child’s appetite. Never ask a child ___64___ he likes or dislikes a food and never ___65___ likes and dislikes in front of him or allow ___66___ else to do so. If the father says he hates fat meat or the mother ___67___ vegetables in the child’s hearing he is ___68___ to copy this procedure. Take it ___69___ granted that he likes everything and he probably ___70___. Nothing healthful should be omitted from the meal because of a ___71___ dislike. At meal times it is a good ___72___ to give a child a small portion and let him ___73___ back for a second helping rather than give him as ___74___ as he is likely to eat all at once. Do not talk too much to the child ___75___ meal times, but let him get on with his food; and do not ___76___ him to leave the table immediately after a meal or he will ___77___ learn to swallow his food ___78___ he can hurry back to his toys. Under ___79___ circumstances must a child be coaxed (哄骗) ___80___ forced to eat.
61. A) if B) until C) that D) unless
62. A) procedure B) process C) way D) method
63. A) adequately B) attractively C) urgently D) eagerly
64. A) whether B) what C) that D) which
65. A) remark B) tell C) discuss D) argue
66. A) everybody B) anybody C) somebody D) nobody
67. A) opposes B) denies C) refuses D) offends
68. A) willing B) possible C) obliged D) likely
69. A) with B) with C) over D) for
70. A) should B) may C) will D) must
71. A) supposed B) proved C) considered D) related
72. A) point B) custom C) idea D) plan
73. A) ask B) come C) return D) take
74. A) much B) little C) few D) many
75. A) on B) over C) by D) during
76. A) agree B) allow C) force D) persuade
77. A) hurriedly B) soon C) fast D) slowly
78. A) so B) until C) lest D) although
79. A) some B) any C) such D) no
80. A) or B) nor C) but D) neither

Part V Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Getting to Know the World Outside the Campus. You should write at least 100 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:

1. 大学生了解社会的必要性。
2. 了解社会的途径（大众媒介、社会服务等）
3. 我打算怎么做。


Getting to Know the World Outside the Campus

参考答案：
1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. A
11. C 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. A 20. B
21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B
31. D 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. A 36. A 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. C
41. C 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. D 46. A 47. A 48. C 49. A 50. D
51. D 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. C 56. A 57. B 58. D 59. D 60. C
61. D 62. C 63. B 64. A 65. C 66. B 67. C 68. D 69. D 70. C
71. A 72. C 73. B 74. A 75. D 76. B 77. B 78. A 79. D 80. A
S1. typical S2. relatively S3. boring
S4. describe S5. variety S6. normal S7. uniform
S8. seven bad men jumped out, one man had a knife and we got into a fight.
S9. She was trying to get to the hospital, but there was a bad traffic jam.
S10. the baby waited to “arrive” until we got to the hospital.