2012年12月大学英语四级考试真题与答案(汇总版)

Part V  Cloze

Strong emotional bonds between mothers and infants increase children’s willingness to explore the world—an effect that has been observed   67   the animal kingdom, in people, monkeys and even spiders. The more secure we are in our   68   to Mom, the more likely we are to try new things and take risks. Now researchers are discovering that this effect continues into adulthood. A   69   reminder of Mom’s touch or the sound of her voice on the phone is

  70   to change people’s minds and moods,   71   their decision making in measurable ways.

In a study   72   online in April in Psychological Science, undergraduate business students had to choose between safe bets and risky gambles—a bond with a guaranteed 4 percent yearly

  73   or a riskier stock option, for example. In half the cases, the experimenters patted the students   74   on the back of the shoulder for about one second   75   providing verbal  instructions about the study. Both male and female students who were touched by a female experimenter were   76   more likely to choose the risky alternative   77   were those who had not been touched or were patted by male experimenters. The reassuring（宽慰的）touch of a woman may have induced early associations,  78   the same openness to exploration that is observed in young children of   79   mothers, explains Jonathan Levav, a business professor at Columbia University and lead author of the study.

To further   80   that a woman’s touch links feelings of security   81   risk taking, the researchers asked a   82   group of undergraduates to make financial decisions after a writing exercise. Half of them wrote about a time they felt secure and supported, whereas the   83   half wrote about feeling insecure and alone. Evoking (唤起) a   84   of insecurity made students in the latter group   85   receptive to the gentle shoulder pats from female experimenters and much more willing to take a risk—just as a child leaving for a field trip might steal one last reassuring hug   86   Mom before stepping on the bus.

67. A. by                      B. up                    C. above                D. across

68. A. concern                     B. attachment         C. treatment           D. appeal

69. A. bare                   B. unique                     C. mere                 D. just

70. A. enough               B. ready                C. easy                  D. quick

71. A. generating           B. regulating          C. affecting           D. refining

72. A. exhibited            B. published          C. appeared           D. advertised

73. A. return                 B. expense             C. cost                  D. prize

74. A. seemingly           B. strongly            C. partly                D. lightly

75. A. if                       B. so                     C. while                D. whereas

76. A. rather                 B. far                    C. further                     D. pretty

77. A. than                   B. as                     C. which               D. that

78. A. intending            B. inferring           C. inspiring           D. instructing

79. A. supportive           B. lively                C. strict                 D. respectful

80. A. enable                B. ensure               C. consent             D. confirm

81. A. beyond               B. with                  C. for                    D. along

82. A. relative              B. competitive              C. different            D. successive

83. A. next                   B. other                 C. minor               D. opposite

84. A. hint                    B. clue                  C. chain                D. sense

85. A. especially            B. specially            C. securely            D. entirely

86. A. toward                B. into                  C. of                     D. from

67. D. across

68. C. attachment

69. C. mere

70. A. enough

71. C. affecting

72. B. published

73. A. return

74. D. lightly

75. C. while

76. B. far

77. A. than

78. C. inspiring

79. A. supportive

80. D. confirm

81. B. with

82. C. different

83. B. other

84. D. sense

85. A. especially

86. D. from

【总评】完形填空原文源自美国科普杂志《科学美国人》（Scientific American）。原文标题为

All about My Mother: How Touch Helps Us Take Risks，作者Ferris Jabr。原文共五段，495字，题目选取了原文前三段并做了细微修改，共345字。主要讲述的是母亲与婴儿间形成的情感纽带会影响孩子探索世界的行为。这是一篇典型的议论文，第一段第一句给出论点，指出母亲与婴儿间形成的情感纽带会影响人们的行为，接着在第二段和第三段，通过两个已经发表的文章中的实验来证明这一观点。