2009年12月大学英语六级作文应对策略
2009-11-03来源:和谐英语
作文在四六级考试中处于十分重要的地位,主要表现在以下几个方面:
第一,在分值上,作文占了15分。
第二,四六级考试中,有一项规定是:凡是作文没有及格的同学,不论是其整个卷面的成绩是否及格,都一律算作不及格,一般情况是按59分计总成绩。
第三,作文是四六级试题中主观题之一,在改卷中有很大的主动性。
因此写好作文对我们来说具有十分重要的意义。那如何写好作文呢?
我想主要应注意以下几个方面:
一、审题的重要性:
四六级作文同考研的作文不同的是,考研的作文是给的英文提示,相对要求较高;而四六级作文一般是给的中文提示,但是在有些考题中的一部分是英文提示,这在无形中就增加了写作的难度,可能给考生在中文和英文的转换之间起了一些误导作用。
作文的审题对我们来说具有一定方向性的作用。如果审题正确,那么就能让自己有话可说,有东西可写,而且能让自己写出一些有特色的东西来。
二、写作中的段首句的重要性:
段首句就是全文的主题句,主题句对于一篇文章来说具有特殊的意义。因为段首句是领衔全文的句子。它写得好坏,直接影响到你下面的写作,也影响到阅卷老师对你的第一印象。而且主题句设计的好坏,直接影响到你下面的文章的展开。
主题句在全文中具有指导作用,它的设计也是构思全文的过程。
例如:Psychology plays an importantrole in our daily life. Some psychologist told me. All successall furniturecome from the healthy psychology one has.In our daily life not only thephysical problem we must facebut also the psychological problem. Our younghandsome boys may have many psychological problenms. Such as why I am slowerthan the others or how important the height of your body is etc. Especially onlove... Many students could easily fall in love with a pretty girl, but theymust ask themselves am I right?Can I fit or comfort her?…………
在这一段话中,"Psychology plays an important role in our daily life."在全文中就起了一个领衔全文的作用,在这句话的指导下,整篇文章就有了一个纲,然后通过这个纲进一步展开。这样,所有的人都会看到全文的主题句,一目了然。
三、写作中小词的重要性:
在写作中,我们通常将一些连词、副词及一些介词称为小词,这些小词在全文中起到了连贯上下文的作用。在全文中如果没有了这些词或用错了这些词就会使整个文章错误不断或让人感觉全文断断续续。
例如:Many foreign tourists like China for many reasons. At first China isa country with a long history. The secondChina has many places to tour.Thethird eating culture of China is very developed. The most important reason isthat Chinese people are very friendly . because of these reasons the number oftourists to China is more and more.
在上面这篇文章中,主题句"Many foreign touristslike China for many reasons."写得很好,然而在下面文章的展开中却是很不好,首先是"At first"这一用法错误,然后用"Atfirst The second The third ……"没有让全文充分展开。
因此在文章中我们应注意:
第一:句子多样化
句子多样化涉及到句子结构和句子类型两个方面的问题。
英文句子的上下连贯,段落的过渡衔接,主要靠"结构词"来表示。
(1)如分段叙述某一个问题时,可用First Second Third... 来表示衔接。
(2)举例说明时可用forexample for instance to illustrate 来表示。
(3)进一步阐述时可用furthermore inaddition similarly moreover来加以提示。
(4)强调某一点的重要性时,可用surely trulyundoubtedly clearly indeed as a matter offact来加强句子的力度。
(5)作结论时可用therefore in summary consequently inconclusion in short来导出。
(6)分析因果时可用because due to so that as aresult来表现主从句之间的逻辑关系。
(7)转换思路时,可用but however neverthelessotherwise等以示转折,而on the one hand on the other hand on one side of the coin onthe other side of the coin则可用来连接两个相反的事实或观点。
(8)It follows that... It canbe inferred that... It suggests that...则将读者引入作者的逻辑推理思路。句子的类型
(1)除了比较熟悉的陈述句和疑问句外,还可用反问句来加强语气;用感叹句来表示讥讽;用类比来增加句子的份量。尽管句子多变,但必须遵循一个原则,即修辞服从文章观点的表达。
(2)恰当地使用虚拟语气、独立主格和非谓语动词。
第二:关于作文的复查问题
复查过程中尽量避免文章结构上的大调整。复查的第一步主要集中在语法上。
(1)每个句子是否都有谓语动词。
(2)谓语时态与语态的表现形式是否正确。
(3)谓语与主语之间是否协调一致。
(4)代词与其指代的事物是否一致。
(5)标点符号是否用错。
复查第二步应集中在句子的表达上
(1)句子所表达的意思是否准确。
(2)上下文之间的逻辑衔接是否正确,有无相互矛盾之处。
(3)所举例子能否支持观点。
第三:常用表达(惯用句型)
我们可以从下面的一些例句得到一些启示。
1.坚果是利弊兼有的食品。坏处是,它们所含的油脂对心脏不利;好处是,它们富含维生素E。Nuts are a good newsbad-news food. The bad news is that they’re full of oils that aren’t great forthe heart the good news is that they contain itamin E.
2.一般情况下,深绿色食品有益健康,无色青菜为中性,某些桔黄色和红色蔬菜也是有益的。The general rule is that dark-greenvegetables are good for your heart pale vegetables are neural. Orange and redcan be good too in some cases.
3.大多数人吃虾没有问题,可是,鲑鱼却是市场上最好的非素食者可以享用的食品。
Shrimp is O.K for most people butsalmon is among the best non-vegetarian goods on the market.
4.一般来说,肉越瘦越好,而野味一般都很瘦。In general the leaner the meat the better - and wildgame tends to be the leanest.
5.过量饮酒仍然有害,可是,以一杯红酒佐餐对非嗜酒者恐怕无害。
Alcohol in excess is still bad for you but aglass of wine with dinner is probably fine for nonalcoholics.
6.他展示了一种全新的思路:利用成年人的干细胞。
He has illuminated an entirely new avenue of thought- using stem cells derived from adults.
7. 未来我想象中是这样的:你可以...
WhatI envision is that you could go to the doctor...
8.他上大学时的理想是当一名体育教师,还希望好好训练,有一天能参加奥运会。
He went to college to be a gym teacherwith hopes of also training for the Olympics.
9.科学家们今年的一些发现拓宽了我们的视野,比如...
Scientists expanded our minds this year withnews about possible lake districts on Mars ....
10.一些发明家已找到了解决实际应用难题的巧妙方法:比如怎样提高上网速度?
Some innovators have already come upwith ingenious answers to practical challenges How can Web searches be speededup?
11. 但是在崭新的基因疗法时代,这样效率低下的方法将让位于更合理、更加系统化的治疗方法。However in the newera of genomic medicine this inefficient approach should give way to somethingmuch more rational and systematic.
12. 似乎没有人怀疑这一天的到来。
Nobody seemsto doubt that it will eventually happen.
13. 和平和发展是时代发展的主题。
Peaceand development are themes of the times.
14. 毋庸讳言,亚洲的经济发展存在一些突出的问题...
It is true that there exist in Asia’s economic development some problemsthat merit our attention.
15.更重要的是,亚洲各国人民有着强烈的自尊、自信、自立、自强精神。
More importantly the Asian people have astrong sense of self-esteem self-confidence self-reliance andself-improvement.
16. 换句话说, 他的影片放松而不拖沓,充满感情而不多愁善感。尤其值得一提的是,他给演员们自由呼吸的空间。
Put that another way his work is relaxed without beingslack affectionate without going sentimental. Above all he leaves his actorsroom to breathe...
17. 要拥有好的记忆力,必须经常锻炼自己的大脑。
Having a good memory isoften just a matter of practicing memory wellness.
18. 同往常一样,音乐永远是他生活的向导和力量的源泉。
As always music was his guide and inspiration.
19. 在他身边,你会感到一种内在的力量和智慧。
You get next to him and you feel anintrinsic strength and intelligence.
20. 事实胜于雄辩,公道自在人心。
Actionsspeak louder than words and the public champions justice.
21.我们必须认清形势,坚定信心,扎实工作,为....
We must have a clear understanding of the currentsituation capitalize on the favorable conditions and work diligently and withfull confidence to ...
22. 积极开展农村环境监测和综合治理,特别注意防治农业化学污染。
Greatefforts will made to monitor the rural environment and improve it in acomprehensive way making a point of preventing and controlling agriculturalchemical pollution.
23. 根据这一要求,2001年国民经济和社会发展的主要预期目标是:
Inaccordance with these requirements the major targets for national economic andsocial development in 2001 are as follows
24.他把学习方向转到了另一个感兴趣的领域:医学。
He switched he studies to another field thatintrigued her medicine.
第一,在分值上,作文占了15分。
第二,四六级考试中,有一项规定是:凡是作文没有及格的同学,不论是其整个卷面的成绩是否及格,都一律算作不及格,一般情况是按59分计总成绩。
第三,作文是四六级试题中主观题之一,在改卷中有很大的主动性。
因此写好作文对我们来说具有十分重要的意义。那如何写好作文呢?
我想主要应注意以下几个方面:
一、审题的重要性:
四六级作文同考研的作文不同的是,考研的作文是给的英文提示,相对要求较高;而四六级作文一般是给的中文提示,但是在有些考题中的一部分是英文提示,这在无形中就增加了写作的难度,可能给考生在中文和英文的转换之间起了一些误导作用。
作文的审题对我们来说具有一定方向性的作用。如果审题正确,那么就能让自己有话可说,有东西可写,而且能让自己写出一些有特色的东西来。
二、写作中的段首句的重要性:
段首句就是全文的主题句,主题句对于一篇文章来说具有特殊的意义。因为段首句是领衔全文的句子。它写得好坏,直接影响到你下面的写作,也影响到阅卷老师对你的第一印象。而且主题句设计的好坏,直接影响到你下面的文章的展开。
主题句在全文中具有指导作用,它的设计也是构思全文的过程。
例如:Psychology plays an importantrole in our daily life. Some psychologist told me. All successall furniturecome from the healthy psychology one has.In our daily life not only thephysical problem we must facebut also the psychological problem. Our younghandsome boys may have many psychological problenms. Such as why I am slowerthan the others or how important the height of your body is etc. Especially onlove... Many students could easily fall in love with a pretty girl, but theymust ask themselves am I right?Can I fit or comfort her?…………
在这一段话中,"Psychology plays an important role in our daily life."在全文中就起了一个领衔全文的作用,在这句话的指导下,整篇文章就有了一个纲,然后通过这个纲进一步展开。这样,所有的人都会看到全文的主题句,一目了然。
三、写作中小词的重要性:
在写作中,我们通常将一些连词、副词及一些介词称为小词,这些小词在全文中起到了连贯上下文的作用。在全文中如果没有了这些词或用错了这些词就会使整个文章错误不断或让人感觉全文断断续续。
例如:Many foreign tourists like China for many reasons. At first China isa country with a long history. The secondChina has many places to tour.Thethird eating culture of China is very developed. The most important reason isthat Chinese people are very friendly . because of these reasons the number oftourists to China is more and more.
在上面这篇文章中,主题句"Many foreign touristslike China for many reasons."写得很好,然而在下面文章的展开中却是很不好,首先是"At first"这一用法错误,然后用"Atfirst The second The third ……"没有让全文充分展开。
因此在文章中我们应注意:
第一:句子多样化
句子多样化涉及到句子结构和句子类型两个方面的问题。
英文句子的上下连贯,段落的过渡衔接,主要靠"结构词"来表示。
(1)如分段叙述某一个问题时,可用First Second Third... 来表示衔接。
(2)举例说明时可用forexample for instance to illustrate 来表示。
(3)进一步阐述时可用furthermore inaddition similarly moreover来加以提示。
(4)强调某一点的重要性时,可用surely trulyundoubtedly clearly indeed as a matter offact来加强句子的力度。
(5)作结论时可用therefore in summary consequently inconclusion in short来导出。
(6)分析因果时可用because due to so that as aresult来表现主从句之间的逻辑关系。
(7)转换思路时,可用but however neverthelessotherwise等以示转折,而on the one hand on the other hand on one side of the coin onthe other side of the coin则可用来连接两个相反的事实或观点。
(8)It follows that... It canbe inferred that... It suggests that...则将读者引入作者的逻辑推理思路。句子的类型
(1)除了比较熟悉的陈述句和疑问句外,还可用反问句来加强语气;用感叹句来表示讥讽;用类比来增加句子的份量。尽管句子多变,但必须遵循一个原则,即修辞服从文章观点的表达。
(2)恰当地使用虚拟语气、独立主格和非谓语动词。
第二:关于作文的复查问题
复查过程中尽量避免文章结构上的大调整。复查的第一步主要集中在语法上。
(1)每个句子是否都有谓语动词。
(2)谓语时态与语态的表现形式是否正确。
(3)谓语与主语之间是否协调一致。
(4)代词与其指代的事物是否一致。
(5)标点符号是否用错。
复查第二步应集中在句子的表达上
(1)句子所表达的意思是否准确。
(2)上下文之间的逻辑衔接是否正确,有无相互矛盾之处。
(3)所举例子能否支持观点。
第三:常用表达(惯用句型)
我们可以从下面的一些例句得到一些启示。
1.坚果是利弊兼有的食品。坏处是,它们所含的油脂对心脏不利;好处是,它们富含维生素E。Nuts are a good newsbad-news food. The bad news is that they’re full of oils that aren’t great forthe heart the good news is that they contain itamin E.
2.一般情况下,深绿色食品有益健康,无色青菜为中性,某些桔黄色和红色蔬菜也是有益的。The general rule is that dark-greenvegetables are good for your heart pale vegetables are neural. Orange and redcan be good too in some cases.
3.大多数人吃虾没有问题,可是,鲑鱼却是市场上最好的非素食者可以享用的食品。
Shrimp is O.K for most people butsalmon is among the best non-vegetarian goods on the market.
4.一般来说,肉越瘦越好,而野味一般都很瘦。In general the leaner the meat the better - and wildgame tends to be the leanest.
5.过量饮酒仍然有害,可是,以一杯红酒佐餐对非嗜酒者恐怕无害。
Alcohol in excess is still bad for you but aglass of wine with dinner is probably fine for nonalcoholics.
6.他展示了一种全新的思路:利用成年人的干细胞。
He has illuminated an entirely new avenue of thought- using stem cells derived from adults.
7. 未来我想象中是这样的:你可以...
WhatI envision is that you could go to the doctor...
8.他上大学时的理想是当一名体育教师,还希望好好训练,有一天能参加奥运会。
He went to college to be a gym teacherwith hopes of also training for the Olympics.
9.科学家们今年的一些发现拓宽了我们的视野,比如...
Scientists expanded our minds this year withnews about possible lake districts on Mars ....
10.一些发明家已找到了解决实际应用难题的巧妙方法:比如怎样提高上网速度?
Some innovators have already come upwith ingenious answers to practical challenges How can Web searches be speededup?
11. 但是在崭新的基因疗法时代,这样效率低下的方法将让位于更合理、更加系统化的治疗方法。However in the newera of genomic medicine this inefficient approach should give way to somethingmuch more rational and systematic.
12. 似乎没有人怀疑这一天的到来。
Nobody seemsto doubt that it will eventually happen.
13. 和平和发展是时代发展的主题。
Peaceand development are themes of the times.
14. 毋庸讳言,亚洲的经济发展存在一些突出的问题...
It is true that there exist in Asia’s economic development some problemsthat merit our attention.
15.更重要的是,亚洲各国人民有着强烈的自尊、自信、自立、自强精神。
More importantly the Asian people have astrong sense of self-esteem self-confidence self-reliance andself-improvement.
16. 换句话说, 他的影片放松而不拖沓,充满感情而不多愁善感。尤其值得一提的是,他给演员们自由呼吸的空间。
Put that another way his work is relaxed without beingslack affectionate without going sentimental. Above all he leaves his actorsroom to breathe...
17. 要拥有好的记忆力,必须经常锻炼自己的大脑。
Having a good memory isoften just a matter of practicing memory wellness.
18. 同往常一样,音乐永远是他生活的向导和力量的源泉。
As always music was his guide and inspiration.
19. 在他身边,你会感到一种内在的力量和智慧。
You get next to him and you feel anintrinsic strength and intelligence.
20. 事实胜于雄辩,公道自在人心。
Actionsspeak louder than words and the public champions justice.
21.我们必须认清形势,坚定信心,扎实工作,为....
We must have a clear understanding of the currentsituation capitalize on the favorable conditions and work diligently and withfull confidence to ...
22. 积极开展农村环境监测和综合治理,特别注意防治农业化学污染。
Greatefforts will made to monitor the rural environment and improve it in acomprehensive way making a point of preventing and controlling agriculturalchemical pollution.
23. 根据这一要求,2001年国民经济和社会发展的主要预期目标是:
Inaccordance with these requirements the major targets for national economic andsocial development in 2001 are as follows
24.他把学习方向转到了另一个感兴趣的领域:医学。
He switched he studies to another field thatintrigued her medicine.
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