英语六级作文指导：句法正确与句式多样

（一）非谓语动词

1. 动名词作主语

鉴于这种情况，找到方法来确保食品安全/解决这个问题就变得越来越迫切了。
Such being the case, finding ways to ensure food safety / tackle the problem has become increasingly urgent.

2．不定式作主语

首先，必须立法规定，生产和销售劣质食品等同于故意伤害或故意杀人。
In the first place, it must be legislated that to produce and sell substandard food equals intentional injury or killing.

3. 分词作状语

1）原因状语

受经济利益驱使，一些生产者丧尽天良，违规生产。
Driven by economic interest, some producers have lost their conscience and resorted to illegal means of production.

2）方式状语

看看周围，可以发现例子不胜枚举。
Taking a look around, one can find examples too many to enumerate.

3）伴随状语

那位妻子正在等着做饭，面前锅里的油已经冒烟了。
The wife is waiting to cook, the oil already smoking in the pot in front of her.

（二）从句

1. 主语从句

其次，公众必须提高食品安全意识，做好自我保护, 防范劣质食品。
In the second place, it is imperative that the public enhance their awareness of food safety and protect themselves against food of inferior quality.

2. 表语从句

春运高峰前总是听到这样的报道：三年以后将解决一票难求的问题。
A report consistently heard before the rush of the Spring Festival traffic is that the difficulty in buying train tickets will become a thing of the past in three years.

3. 同位语从句

1）三年以后将解决一票难求的问题 — 这样的报道已经连续听了二十年。
The report that the difficulty in buying train tickets will disappear in three years has been heard for two decades on end.
2）几乎人人都注意到了这一事实：中国食品不够安全。
Almost no one can have failed to notice the fact that food is insufficiently safe in China.

4. 非限制性定语从句

1）首先，我国还缺乏严厉的法律及其严格的执行，这造成了不诚实行为的猖獗。
First and foremost, there still lack severe laws and their rigorous enforcement in this country, which contributes to the rampancy of dishonest behavior.
2）众所周知，目前中国很多食品在质量方面是有问题的。
A high proportion of food in China today, as we all know, is problematic in terms of quality.

（三）倒装

1. 部分倒装

1）只有随着这些措施的采取，我们才能期待一个更光明的未来。
Only with these measures taken can we expect a brighter future.
2）尽管图画很简单，但它所传达的寓意却很深刻。
Simple as the picture is, the message it conveys is profound.
3）如果这一趋势继续下去，社会将会道德沦丧。
Should this trend continue, the society would be ruined morally.

2. 完全倒装

在两只熊的后面站着一群企鹅，它们也因气候变暖而无家可归了。
Behind the two bears stand a group of penguins, who have also become homeless because of the warming climate.

（四）被动

个人认为， 应该从以下两方面采取措施。
Personally, I believe that measures should be taken in the following two aspects.