和谐英语

英语四六级语法归纳(状语从句篇)

2016-09-29来源:和谐英语

1) 时间状语从句
 时间状语从句主要由以下连词引导:when, whenever, as, while, since, until, till, before, after, as soon as, once, hardly (scarcely) …when, no sooner …than。
 I will discuss the matter with you when we meet tomorrow.
 时间状语从句还可由某些可充当连词的名词(the moment, the instant, every time,等)和副词(instantly, directly等)引导:
 I will tell you the news the instant I know.
 Note:
 ①before除了可表示“在…之前”外,还可用来强调主句所表达的时间、距离很长或花费的力量相比较大,可译为“…才”。(“not …before”可用来强调主句所表达的时间、距离很短或花费的力量相比较小,可译为“…就”)。
 It was a long time before I got to sleep again.
 ②如果位于when引导的分句之前的主句使用过去进行时、过去完成时或“was/were about to, was/were on the point of”等结构时,when表示突然发生某事,可译为“正在…突然”或“刚…就”等。这时,不能够用as或while来代替when。
 I was walking on the street when I ran into my old friend John.
2) 条件状语从句
 条件状语从句主要由以下连词引导:if, unless, providing/provided (that), suppose/supposing (that), on condition (that), as/so long as, in case等。
 So long as you work hard, you will surely achieve good results in examinations.
3) 让步状语从句
 让步状语从句主要由以下连词引导:though, although, even if, even though, whatever, however, whoever, wherever, no matter how/ what/ where/ when等。以下介绍几种较特殊的让步状语从句。
 (1)while引导的让步状语从句多放在句首,while相当于although,表示“尽管”,“虽然”。
    While I admit I did it, I didn’t intend to.
 (2)短语“even now/then/so”相当于“though it is/was true”,表示“尽管如此”,“尽管这样”。
   The fire was out, but even so, the smell of smoke was strong.
 (3) as引导的让步状语从句要倒装。
   Child as he was, he could speak four languages.
4) 比较状语从句
 比较状语从句主要由以下连词引导:(not) as …as, (not) the same as, (not) such …as, not so …as, than, the + 比较级…, the +比较级…等。
 We have had a lot more rainfall this year than we had last year.