英语阅读基本功—长难句过关(三十)

第六章 省略

英语句子有时复杂难辨的另一个原因是由于句子中的某些成分被省略掉了。为了避免重复，增强所表达的意思的紧凑性、逻辑性和新颖性，常常把句子前部分已经交代过的人、事或动作在不影响语义内容表达连贯的情况下，从句子后部分的成分中省略掉。省略一般出现在平行结构的后半部分或各类从句中。被省略的部分大多是主语，谓语或者谓语的助动词等。

Exercise 

Clearly,protecting will come only through coordinated international efforts to control human population, stabilize the composition of the atmosphere, and preserve intact Earth's complex web of life.

When first given to individuals,animals, and places they were chosen carefully with a hope of endowing whatever was named with some sort of magic.

If you think as much of others as of yourself, you will not make any of these mistakes.

要点：to control....,stabilize...,and preserve...为三个并列的动词不定式,修饰efforts."stabilize"和'preserve"两词前省略"to"
译文：很清楚,保护只有通过国际间的合作努力才能实现,通过这些努力来控制人口,稳定大气结构,使地球上复杂的生物网完好无损.

要点：when引导的时间状语从句中,主语是"they",即句子中的"names",谓语动词是"were given",为了避免重复,与主句中相同的部分省略了.whatever引导的从句作动名词endowing的宾语.
译文：当首次给人,动物和地方取名时,总要非常谨慎地进行选择,希望不管取的名字叫什么,都能为其赋予某种魔力.

要点：句中as much ....as连接的平行结构有两个: think of others和(think) of yourself.在连词as后面省略了与前半句相同的部分think.全句应为: If you think of others as much as you think of yourself....
译文：如果你像关心自己那样去关心别人,你就不会犯这些错误中的任何一种