六级英语阅读理解考试技巧

(一)细节题
　　1.若针对举例子、名人言论、特殊符号后的内容出题，考生只读例子、名人言论、特殊符号前后句内容，即可选出正确答案。
　　〔真题例解〕(2001年1月第15题)
　　Studies of birds may offer unique insights into sleep.Jerome M.Siegel of the UCLA says he wonders if birds’ halfbrain sleep“is just the tip of the iceberg(冰山)”.He speculates that more examples may turn up when we take a closer look at other species.
　　Q:By “just the tip of the iceberg”(Line 2,Para.8),Siegel suggests that.
　　A)halfbrain sleep has something to do with icy weather
　　B)the mystery of halfbrain sleep is close to being solved
　　C)most birds living in cold regions tend to be half sleepers
　　D)halfbrain sleep is a phenomenon that could exist among other species
　　答案为D）。根据引号内容很快找到原文相关部分，其后的内容必是对该问的解释。第二句中说加州大学洛杉矶分校的Ferome M.Siegel推测鸟类的半脑睡眠现象只是冰山露出来的一角。第三句说如果我们对其他物种作进一步认真仔细的观察，可能会发现更多的例证，所以D正确。因此考生只要理解第二句、第三句的意思即可选出正确答案。
　　2.如果只是针对某一段的内容提出问题的话，考生只看该段内容即可答题，而不必看完全文才做答。
　　〔真题例解〕(2002年12月第29题)
　　In fact, the average compensation benefit in America has climbed from 55 percent of the states; average weekly wages in 1972 to 97 percent today.But, as most studies show, every 10 percent increase in compensation benefits results in a 5 percent increase in the numbers of workers who file for claims.And with so much more money floating in the workers’ compensation system, it’s not surprising that doctors and lawyers have helped themselves to a large slice of the growing pie.
　　Q： After 1972 workers’ compensation insurance in the U.S became more favorable to workers so that .
　　A) the poverty level for a family of four went up drastically
　　B) more money was allocated to their compensation system
　　C) there were fewer legal barriers when they filed for claims
　　D) the number of workers suing for damages increased
　　答案为D）。根据题干中的“after 1972”可马上判断出线索在最后一段。这一段的大意是说自1972年后，越来越多的人因工伤索赔而获益，所以越来越多的人就进行索赔，那么也就有医生和律师也来分一杯羹。尤其第二句话提到：索赔获益每增加10个百分点，进行索赔的工人人数就增加了5个百分点，与D）一致。
　　3.选项中同义词替换的一般是答案，而与原文相同或极其相似的选项一般不是答案项。
　　〔真题例解〕
　　No woman can be too rich or too thin.This saying often attributed to the late Duchess(公爵夫人) of Windsor embodies much of the odd spirit of our times.Being thin is deemed as such a virtue.(2002年6月第26题)
　　Q：In the eyes of the author,an odd phenomenon nowadays is that.
　　A) the Duchess of Windor is regarded as a woman of virtue
　　B) looking slim is a symbol of having a large fortune
　　C) being thin is viewed as a much desired quality
　　D) religious people are not necessarily virtuous
　　答案为C)。事实细节题。本段第二句话中的“odd spirit”指的就是下面的一句话“Being thin is deemed as such a virtue”。选项C）中的viewed与句中的deemed均指thought之意；desired quality恰恰就是virtue的解释。
　　Most systems are basically identical.The differences come in hardware—the way the computer accepts the driver’s request for directions and the way it presents the driving instructions.On most systems, a driver enters a desired address, motorway junction or point of interest via a touch screen or disc.But the Lexus screen goes a step further: you can point to any spot on the map screen and get directions to it.(2000年1月第23题)
　　Q：Despite their varied designs, navigation computers used in cars.
　　A) are more or less the same price
　　B) provide directions in much the same way
　　C) work on more or less the same principles
　　D) receive instructions from the same satellites
　　答案是C)。在四个选项中B)“directions”和D)项“instructions”都与原文有关。但据本段第二句话，计算机接受来自司机方向指示的方式及执行驱动指令等硬件方面是不同的，所以B)项和D)项是对原文的曲解。从本段第1句话可知很多系统基本上是相似的，这与C)项的意思一致。
　　4.选项中有绝对语气词的一般不是正确答案。
　　这些语气词有：always,the most, never, all, only, no, none, exclusively, hardly等，而选项中含有不十分肯定的语气词一般是正确选项。这些语气词有：
　　may,often,usually,might,could,more or less, possible, not necessarily等。
　　〔真题例解〕(2002年12月第31题)
　　When school officials in Kalkaska, Michigan, closed classes last week, the media flocked to the story, portraying the town’s 2,305 students as victims of stingy（吝啬的）taxpayers.There is some truth to that; the propertytax rate here is onethird lower than the state average.But shutting their schools also allowed Kalkaska’s educators and the state’s largest teachers’ union, the Michigan Education Association, to make a political point.Their aim was to spur Passage of legislation  Michigan lawmakers are debating to increase the state’s share of school funding.
　　Q： We learn from the Passage that schools in Kalkaska, Michigan, are funded .
　　A) mainly by the state government
　　B) exclusively by the local government
　　C) by the National Education Association
　　D) by both the local and state government
　　快速阅读本段可知答案在A)、B)、D)选项中，选项A)和选项B)说得过于绝对，D)项用了both…and句型，所以D)为正确答案。但是，如果时间来得及，一定要到原文中验证答案。由本段第一句话中“students as victims of stingy taxpayers”和第二句话中提到的当地的税率较低这一点可知，当地的教育经费一部分来自于地方的税收；再由本段最后一句话中“the states share of school funding”可知，州政府也分担教育经费。故验证D）为正确答案。
　　5.议论文中，那些符合一般常识的选项，富有深刻哲理，符合一般规律的选项常常是正确答案。
　　〔真题例解〕(2002年1月第30题)
　　It is where prices and markets do not operate properly that this benign(良性的) trend begins to stumble, and the genuine problems arise.Markets cannot always keep the environment healthy.If no one owns the resource concerned, no one has an interest in conserving it or fostering it: fish is the best example of this.
　　Q： The primary solution to environmental problems is.
　　A) to allow market forces to operate properly
　　B) to curb consumption of natural resources
　　C) to limit the growth of the world population
　　D) to avoid fluctuations in prices
　　答案为A)。本题题干是问解决环境问题的基本方法是什么，四个选项中D)项“避免价格波动”与题干无关，B)项“限制自然资源的消耗”和C)项“控制世界人口的增长”虽然有利于环境问题的解决，但不是基本解决方法。故A)项为正确答案。由文章最后一段话说：在价格和市场手段不能正常运转的地方便会出现环境、能源等问题，可以推出：环境问题的解决之道便在于让市场、价格手段正常地发挥作用，从而验证A)项正确。