2008年12月英语六级阅读及词汇(一)

　　★Lesson1★
　　六级与四级的区别：
　　一、词——词汇量5500。
　　二、句——出题考长句子。
　　三、段——所有句子都认识，但不知道整段的意思。But, Yet, However 转折连词后面是重点，常考点。
　　四、选项——有迷惑选项，不像四级那么清晰。
　　原文重现：原文告诉你选什么，你就应该选什么，不能凭感觉和想象。
　　尽量少读：六级更多的对点出题，而不是对面出题。
　　六级题型：
　　 1. 主旨题(Sum Up/Title)--看文章每段第一句
　　 24. Which of the following can best sum up the passage?
　　 A) Advantages and disadvantages of automation.
　　 B) Labour and the effects of automation.
　　 C) Unemployment benefit plans and automation.
　　 D) Social benefits of automation.
　　注：文章三段第一句都出现automation，两段出现labour，因此这两个词是重点，必然在选项中出现。
　　 Automation refers to the introduction of electronic control and automatic operation of productive machinery. It reduces the human factors, mental and physical, in production, and is designed to make possible the manufacture of more goods with fewer workers. The development of automation in American industry has been called the "Second Industrial Revolution".
　　注：refers to 下定义
　　 Labour's concern over automation arises from uncertainty about the effects on employment, and fears of major changes in jobs. In the main, labour has taken the view that resistance to technical change is unfruitful. Eventually, the result of automation may well be an increase in employment, since it is expected that vast industries will grow up around manufacturing, maintaining, and repairing automation equipment. The interest of labour lies in bringing about the transition with a minimum of inconvenience and distress to the workers involved. Also, union spokesmen emphasize that the benefit of the increased production and lower costs made possible by automation should be shared by workers in the form of higher wages, more leisure, and improved living standards.
　　注：labour 雇员
　　To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the promotion of supplementary unemployment benefit plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financial interest in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible problems in jobs and job assignments. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently dismissed workers be paid a sum of money based on length of service. Another approach is the idea of the "improvement factor", which calls for wage increases based on increases in productivity. It is possible, however, that labour will rely mainly on reduction in working hours in order to gain a full share in the fruits of automation.
　　注：union 工会，和雇员有关
　　 2. 词汇题——找词所在句子关系
　　转折关系。例如：六级很难，但是……，找转折连词But, Yet, However。
　　并列关系。例如：A and B，问A就把B内容填进去。
　　解释关系。用because和从句in which等联系。
　　例如：
　　 30. “An identifying figure” (Line 2, Para. 5) refers to a person ______.
　　 A) who serves as a model for others
　　 B) who is always successful
　　 C) who can be depended upon
　　 D) who has been rewarded for his success
　　 (文章前四段省略)
　　 Admiration of one quality often leads us to admire a person as a whole, and he becomes an identifying figure. We use some people as models over a wide range of situations, imitating much that they do. We learn that they are dependable and rewarding models because imitating them leads to success.
　　注：把握and前后是并列关系。