2010年12月英语六级阅读练习(5)
2010-08-27来源:和谐英语
[导读]阅读理解在大学英语四级考试中占有很大比重，提高阅读速度和效率是决胜英语四级考试阅读理解题的关键。为了帮助广大考生有效提高阅读速度，和谐英语学习网特整理了以下资料，供考生复习。
In the first category are consideration for the weak and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians the young always stood in the presence of older people. Among the Mponguwe of Tanzania, the young men bow as they pass the huts of the elders. In England, until about a century ago, young children did not sit in their parents' presence without asking permission.
Practical rules are helpful in such ordinary occurrences of social life as
making proper introductions at parties or other functions so that people can be
brought to know each other. Before the invention of the fork, etiquette directed
that the fingers should be kept as clean as possible; before the handkerchief came
into common use, etiquette suggested that, after spitting, a person should rub the spit inconspicuously (难以察觉的) underfoot.
Extremely refined behavior, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of men. After the fall of Rome, the first European society to regulate behavior in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Provence, in France.
Provence had become wealthy. The lords had returned to their castles from the crusades (十字军东征) , and there the ideals of chivalry (武士制度) grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight (骑士) should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his brave deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on in a belittled form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today.
In Renaissance Italy too, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners, but the rules of behavior of fashionable society had little influence on the daily life of the lower classes. Indeed many of the rules, such as how to enter a banquet room, or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes, were irrelevant to the way of life of the average working man, who spent most of his life outdoors or in his own poor hut and most probably did not have a handkerchief, certainly not a sword, to his name.
Yet the essential basis of all good manners does not vary. Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of harming or giving unnecessary offence to others is a feature of all societies everywhere and at all levels from the highest to the lowest. You can easily think of dozens of examples of customs and habits in your own daily life which come under this heading.
1. Etiquette simply serves the purpose of showing respect for authority.
2. Louis XIV of France made etiquette very complicated to avoid familiarity.
3. People of all societies and social ranks observe the good manners of consideration for the weak and respect for age.
4. Napoleon discarded aristocratic privileges when he became Emperor of France.
5. Etiquette has been used to distinguish people from different classes.
6. In Europe, the newly rich have added new ingredients to etiquette while they are
learning to behave appropriately for a new way of life.
7. After the sixteenth century, fights between ambassadors over precedence were a common occurrence.
8. Extremely refined behaviour had ______ on the life of the working class.
9. Basic moral duties are one of the_______of every code of etiquette.
10. According to the passage, the concept of romantic love was introduced in_______.
I. N 2. Y 3. Y 4. N 5. Y 6. NG 7. N
8. little influence 9. three elements 10. twelfth-century Provence, France
In the first category are consideration for the weak and respect for age. Among the ancient Egyptians the young always stood in the presence of older people. Among the Mponguwe of Tanzania, the young men bow as they pass the huts of the elders. In England, until about a century ago, young children did not sit in their parents' presence without asking permission.
Practical rules are helpful in such ordinary occurrences of social life as
making proper introductions at parties or other functions so that people can be
brought to know each other. Before the invention of the fork, etiquette directed
that the fingers should be kept as clean as possible; before the handkerchief came
into common use, etiquette suggested that, after spitting, a person should rub the spit inconspicuously (难以察觉的) underfoot.
Extremely refined behavior, however, cultivated as an art of gracious living, has been characteristic only of societies with wealth and leisure, which admitted women as the social equals of men. After the fall of Rome, the first European society to regulate behavior in private life in accordance with a complicated code of etiquette was twelfth-century Provence, in France.
Provence had become wealthy. The lords had returned to their castles from the crusades (十字军东征) , and there the ideals of chivalry (武士制度) grew up, which emphasized the virtue and gentleness of women and demanded that a knight (骑士) should profess a pure and dedicated love to a lady who would be his inspiration, and to whom he would dedicate his brave deeds, though he would never come physically close to her. This was the introduction of the concept of romantic love, which was to influence literature for many hundreds of years and which still lives on in a belittled form in simple popular songs and cheap novels today.
In Renaissance Italy too, in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a wealthy and leisured society developed an extremely complex code of manners, but the rules of behavior of fashionable society had little influence on the daily life of the lower classes. Indeed many of the rules, such as how to enter a banquet room, or how to use a sword or handkerchief for ceremonial purposes, were irrelevant to the way of life of the average working man, who spent most of his life outdoors or in his own poor hut and most probably did not have a handkerchief, certainly not a sword, to his name.
Yet the essential basis of all good manners does not vary. Consideration for the old and weak and the avoidance of harming or giving unnecessary offence to others is a feature of all societies everywhere and at all levels from the highest to the lowest. You can easily think of dozens of examples of customs and habits in your own daily life which come under this heading.
1. Etiquette simply serves the purpose of showing respect for authority.
2. Louis XIV of France made etiquette very complicated to avoid familiarity.
3. People of all societies and social ranks observe the good manners of consideration for the weak and respect for age.
4. Napoleon discarded aristocratic privileges when he became Emperor of France.
5. Etiquette has been used to distinguish people from different classes.
6. In Europe, the newly rich have added new ingredients to etiquette while they are
learning to behave appropriately for a new way of life.
7. After the sixteenth century, fights between ambassadors over precedence were a common occurrence.
8. Extremely refined behaviour had ______ on the life of the working class.
9. Basic moral duties are one of the_______of every code of etiquette.
10. According to the passage, the concept of romantic love was introduced in_______.
I. N 2. Y 3. Y 4. N 5. Y 6. NG 7. N
8. little influence 9. three elements 10. twelfth-century Provence, France
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