2018年12月英语四级答案发布【试卷一】（新东方版）
2018年12月英语四级真题答案卷一写作
留学的挑战
Directions: the challenge of starting a career after graduation
Nowadays, more and more graduates are inclined to start a career after graduation, however, considering the current employment circumstance, it is undoubtedly that setting up a business of their own would be bound to meet quite a lot of challenges.
To be specific, there proves to be a cruel reality that we cannot ignore that entrepreneurship requires some basic qualifications, including appropriate opportunities, initial capital, social resources and management ability, the majority of which, unfortunately, happens to be the student entrepreneurs’ shortage. In addition, the fiercer competition and mature market inevitably and correspondingly evolve into the emerging handicap to launch a business successfully, which present higher demand for students.
Therefore, as an undergraduate, in my own view, we should make a rational plan, accumulate related experience and build up a network before starting our own business.
News Report One
参考答案：
1. Set up a mobile phone net work on the moon.
2. It is stable.
主旨内容：
科学家们想要在月球上安置一个设备，这样就是史上第一次在月球上可提供移动信号,且月球网络将支持月球和地球之间的高清视频和数据流。
参考原文：
A device that weighs less than 1 kilogram is part of a mission that will allow scientists to deliver fourth generation or 4G mobile coverage to the moon in 2019. If successful, the tiny device will provide the moon with its first ever mobile phone network. The lunar network will support high definition streaming of video and data between the moon and the earth. The network is part of a mission to the moon. This is a project with the goal of landing the first privately paid for mission to the moon. The 4G mission is set to launch from Cape Canaveral in the United States on a space X Falcon Nine Rocket in 2019. Mission to the moon intends to establish and test the first elements of a communications network on the moon. The scientists working on the project opted to build 4G rather than the fifth generation or 5G work. This is because fifth generation networks are still in testing and trial phases. This means that a 5G network may not yet be stable enough to work on the moon’s surface.
Question 1. What are scientists planning to do?
Question 2. Why did scientists choose to set up a 4G network in their mission?
解析：
本篇新闻难度适中，第一题类似主旨题，问到了科学家的计划，在新闻导语第一句即给出了本篇新闻的主旨内容，即在月球上安置一个可支持4G的设备。第二题是一道问原因的题目，答案即在最后两句，关键词because听得十分清晰，听到后继续等待即是答案。
News Report Two
参考答案：
3. No injuries were yet reported.
4. Pull down the deserted shopping mall.
主旨内容：
在一个在圣玛丽亚教堂旁废弃的购物中心晚上发生了火灾事件。火灾发生时，大楼内有一些人，但是并没有发生伤亡时间。该购物中心自2002年以来一直没有投入使用。2014年，市政厅制定了拆除建筑物的计划，并将其替换为经济适用房。然而，由于缺乏资金，该计划被取消。
参考原文：
Firefighters responded to a fire Wednesday night at an abandoned mall in Heywood. The fire was reported at 9:26 p.m. at an old shopping center on Michigan Avenue near St. Mary’s Church. Six fire engines, two trucks and two chiefs responded to the scene. Crews had the fire under control in about 45 minutes and managed to contain the fire to its point of origin. There were some people inside the building when the fire broke out but there were no reports of any injuries. Fire investigators have responded to the scene but have not yet determined the cause of the fire. Firefighters will remain on the scene until later this morning to ensure that the fire doesn’t start up again. The shopping mall had not been in use since 2002. In 2014 City Hall developed a plan to knock down the building and replace it with affordable housing. However, the plan was dropped due to lack of funds.
Question 3. What does the news item say about the fire?
Question 4. What had City Hall planned to do?
解析：
本篇新闻考查的是主旨题加细节题。第一题针对新闻主旨题，答案出现在新闻第一句导语部分，所听即所得即可。第二题考查市政厅之前的计划，本该拆除的大楼由于资金匮乏没有拆除，答案出现在最后两句话，且有关键词提示，难度不大。
News Report Three
参考答案：
5. Insufficient potato supply.
6. It is afraid of the spread of disease.
7. Global warming.
主旨内容：
去年风暴和洪水及其主要的马铃薯种植区造成了最严重的收成问题，使得日本在因马铃薯短缺后，薯片价格是正常价格的6倍。且因为对疾病的恐惧，日本法律限制马铃薯的进口数量，只允许来自美国选定州的马铃薯。
参考原文：
Potato chips in Japan are being sold for 6 times their normal price. This is after the country’s main manufacturer stopped sales due to a potato shortage. Storms and floods and its main potato growing region last year caused the worst harvest and more than 3 decades. Local media reports suggest Calbee and its main rival Koike-ya are halting almost 50 products. “We don’t know when we’ll be able to restart”, a company spokesman said. Snack lovers are panic buying and many supermarket shelves are bare. Japanese laws limit the amount of imported potatoes that can be used in Japanese made products. Japan says fear of disease is its main reason to block fresh imports. It still only allows potatoes from selected US states. This is only at certain times and on condition that they are processed at factories based near Japanese ports. But global warming has raised the possibility that domestic produce could be seriously affected by rare weather events more often.
Question 5. What problem is Japan facing?
Question 6. Why does Japan limit the import of potatoes?
Question 7. What might affect Japanese domestic produce?
解析：
本篇首尾两题答案出自于新闻的首尾，答案位置清晰，因此难度并不大。且最后一题有提示词but，转折之后的答案出现是考生需要重点注意的。
长对话
Conversation One:
参考答案：
8. Dull
9. She takes notes.
10. It keeps her mind active.
11. It helps her better remember what she learns.
主旨内容：
两位学生就上课如何集中注意力进行了探讨。女生提出在听讲时要用手记笔记，才能够把老师讲解的内容记住，并且在必要情况甚至可以画无意义的线条来使自己集中注意力;在家学习时需要讲知识大声读出来，这些都是通过身体来记忆知识。
参考原文：
M: Mr. Brown’s lectures are so boring.
W: Yes, he is not a very exciting speaker. But the subject is interesting.
M: During every one of his lectures, I try to listen. I really try. But after about 10 minutes my mind begins to wander and I lose concentration. But I see that you seem to be OK. How do you stay focused through the entire hour?
W: Well, what I do is keep my pen moving.
M: What do you mean?
W: It’s a method of active concentration I read about. One of the most effective ways to concentrate is to write things down. But it has to be done by hand, not typing on a keyboard. You see writing by hand forces you to actually engage with what you’re learning in a more physical way.
M: Do you review your notes afterwards then?
W: Sometimes, but that’s not important. My notes may or may not be useful but the point is that by writing down what Mr. Brand says I can follow his line of thinking more easily. In fact, sometimes I draw a little too.
M: You draw in class and that helps me pay attention?
W: Yes, honestly it works for me. I just draw little lines and nonsense really. It was also in that article I read. It can keep the mind active, prevent getting bored and help to concentrate. Again the point is to listen hard while keeping the pen moving. If I’m at home and I need to study what I do is read out loud. It has a similar effect to writing by hand. It helps memorize information in a physical way.
Question 8. What does the man think of Mr. Brown’s lectures?
Question 9. What does the woman do during Mr. Brown’s lectures?
Question 10. Why does the woman draw in class?
Question 11. What does the woman say about reading out loud?
解析：
本段长对话是考生比较熟悉的学校学习场景和知识点。第一题类问男生对于老师课程的观点，在首回合第一句给出答案，所听即所得。后面就是问答类型，重点听回答者，也就是本篇中的女士给出答案。由于最后两题答案在同一回合给出，比较接近，因此需要考生迅速反应，有一定难度。
Conversation Two
参考答案：
12. To spend her honeymoon.
13. In memory of a princess.
14. It has walls decorated with jewels.
15. They are mostly crowded.
主旨内容：
两个人就印度旅游相关信息展开讨论，降到了泰姬陵的来源和对其印象，印度的交通情况已经印度食物。
参考原文：
M: And where is this?
W: These photos are from the Taj Mahal in India. We went there about ten years ago for our honeymoon.
M: Was it romantic.
W: Yeah. The Taj Mahal was a very romantic place. The guide told us there is a famous love story behind this building that all Indians learn in school. I think it was during the 1600 and the princess at that time died while giving birth to her 14th child. The Emperor loved the princess so much and was so sad when she died that he ordered the palace to be built in her honor.
M: Wow. That sounds very romantic. It looks amazing.
W: Yes, it’s gorgeous. It’s also larger in real life than it looks in the photos. The building is very tall and there are gardens in a wall around it all. It’s all built in this white stone and some walls of the building are decorated with jewels.
M: It must have been very crowded when you were there.
W: Yes, it’s a very famous tourist destination. So there are thousands of visitors every day.
M: Was the rest of India crowded?
W: Yes, very crowded in many cities. It was sometimes so crowded that it was difficult to walk along the streets especially through busy markets. And there are so many cars. Traffic was terrible but the people were friendly. The culture is amazing and we had a great time.
M: What about the food?
W: The Indian food is great. There are lots of different dishes to try and every region has its own special food.
Question 12. For what purpose did the woman go to India?
Question 13. Why was the Taj Mahal built?
Question 14. What does the woman say about the Taj Mahal?
Question 15. what is the woman‘s impression of Indian cities?
解析：
本段对话是以问答形式展开，因此在听答案的过程中只需要重点关注女士所讲的即可。在这部分相对信息量比较大，但是有两道题目都考察到了有关原因，因此原因类型的题目在长对话中仍然是考生需要关注的重点。
篇章
Passage One
参考答案：
16. They provide residents with the resources they need.
17. By inspiring their creativity.
18. Their number increased modestly.
主旨内容：
一个研究中心就超过1000个美国人进行了有关公共图书馆的调查，调查结果显示，美国人继续对当地的公共图书馆表示支持态度。
参考原文：
A Pew Research Center survey of more than 1000 Americans conducted in April 2016 finds that Americans continue to express largely positive views about the current state of their local public libraries. For instance, around three quarters say that public libraries provide them with the resources they need and 66% say the closing of their local public library would have a major impact on their community. Although notably just 33% say this would have a major impact on them personally or on their family. A majority of Americans feel libraries are doing a good job of providing a safe place for people to hang out or spend time as well as opening up educational opportunities for people of all ages and roughly half think their libraries contribute a lot to their communities in terms of helping spark creativity among young people, and providing a trusted place for people to learn about new technologies. As in past Pew Research Center surveys of library use the April 2016 survey also measured Americans usage of and engagement with libraries. Overall, 53% of Americans ages 16 and older have had some interaction with the puppet library in the past year either through an in person visit or using a library website some 48% of adults specifically visited a library in the past 12 months. A modest increase from the 44% who said that in late 2015.
Question 16. What do most Americans say about local public libraries?
Question 17. How can local public libraries benefit young people?
Question 18. What does the 2016 survey show about adult library users?
解析：
本篇短文提到了较多的数字，这对于很多对数字不敏感的同学来说，有所难度，且因为这篇短文信息量比较大，所以部分内容甚至要求学生能记笔记，因此这篇短文难度较大。
Passage Two
参考答案：
19. It is an unusual cross breed.
20. They are as loyal as dogs.
21. They shower with them.
主旨内容：
一种新品种的猫是由中型野生非洲猫和家养猫杂交的产物，2001年国际猫协会承认了这种猫的品种，且允许人们拥有饲养。因为它们高且纤细，现在，这种猫已经成为人们所拥有的最多猫品种之一。
参考原文：
A Savannah cat is a crossbreed between a domestic cat and a medium-sized wild African cat called the Serval. The unusual cross became popular among breeders at the end of the 1990s. And in 2001, the International Cat Association accepted it as a new registered breed. The savannahs are tall and slim and can weigh up to nine point one kilograms, making them one of the largest breeds of cats that people can own. They have a spotted code similar to that of many types of wild cats and their ears are very large. They are also commonly compared to dogs in their loyalty and can be trained to walk on a lead and to fetch, and often noted characteristic of the Savannah is its jumping ability. They are known to jump on top of doors and high cabinets. Some can leap about2.5 meters high from a standing position. Cats are typically known for being very inquisitive and so are the Savannahs. They often learn how to open doors and cupboards. Many Savannah cats do not fear water and will play with or even dive into water. Some owners even shower with their Savannah Cats, presenting a water bowl to Savannah may also prove a challenge, as some will promptly begin to bat all the water out of the bowl until it is empty using their front paws.
Question 19. What do we learn about the savannah cat?
Question 20. What is characteristic of Savannah cats?
Question 21. What do some people do with their Savannah cats?
解析：
本篇短文是一篇介绍型文章，也是大多数考生练习得较多和熟悉的考题形式。根据试听一致，找出关键名词，抓住出题点即可。难度不大，只需在提前读完选项之后能及时预判出题位置即可。
Passage Three
参考答案：
22. Excite but somewhat sad.
23. It depends on their parents to success.
24. Set a good example for them to follow.
25. Their home life.
主旨内容：
有关孩子的教育。孩子们第一次上学时，家长可能会兴奋，也会悲伤，有一种复杂的感情，但那并不是孩子们学习的开始。早在孩子出生时，家长对孩子的教育和孩子对家长的模仿就已经开始了。
参考原文：
When children start school for the very first time parents often feel a sense of excitement coupled with a touch of sadness at the end of an era. This is the start of a new adventure for children playing and interacting with new friends sharing, taking turns and settling into a new routine. But of course, this is not the start of your child’s education which in fact began at birth. Back then, you would have been your child’s most influential teachers. During this time at home, your child would have learnt more than at any other period in their life. During your child’s first year in school much time will be spent in learning to read and they need to know that this is fun and worthwhile. Your child will naturally copy you so it is important that you are seen reading and enjoying books newspapers and magazines rather than just absorbed in screens. Ultimately an excellent education should be a close partnership between parents and teachers. A child’s year splits fairly neatly into thirds: a third at school, a third asleep and a third awake at home or on holiday. Irrespective of the quality of a school a child’s home life is of key importance. It is the determining factor of their academic success. Your child may have started on a new journey but your work is far from finished.
Question 22. How do parents feel when their children start going to school?
Question 23. What does the passage say about children’s education?
Question 24. What should parents do for the success of their children’s education?
Question 25. What does the passage say is the key factor of children’s academic success?
解析：
本篇短文前两题相对比较常规，第一题出现在文章开头第一句话部分，考察了考生对情感类词汇的了解程度;第二题出现在转折词but之后，也是一个重点提示的地方，需要考生迅速反应把握清出题点。最后两题需要根据选项内容来仔细听材料才可选出。
今年四级考试在阅读这个版块里，总体难度仍然呈较为平稳的发展态势。无论是选词填空、长篇阅读还是仔细阅读，与在四级课堂上讲到的解题技巧都有很高的契合度。
首先一起来谈谈选词填空这个题型。总的来说，考点仍然是课堂上反复跟大家强调的，用我们上课讲到的快速解题法则很快能得到正确答案。首先第一步分析选项词性。今年名词考2个，动词考5个，形容词考1个，副词2个。如此一来，我们很快把15选1缩小到了最多是7选1，最少的情况是1选1。另外，请注意，名词通过单复数，动词通过时态和非谓语动词还可以进一步缩小范围。选词填空答案如下：
26. F Damage
27. B associated
28 .M sources
29 .D constant
30 .G described
31 .E control
32 .H equals
33 .K regularly
34. I exclusively
35 .O vehicles
长篇阅读难度持平，用定位法则快速找定位即可，特别要注意的是题干中只出现的大写专有名词、数字、时间、连词符和只出现过一次的表达。今年的匹配题比较难，少数题干出现了同义替换的现象，大多数还是按照我们说的用到的是类似的表达和词性的替换。匹配题答案如下：
36-40 DBGFI 41-45 FCJEG
36. More than half of the food Americans eat is factory-produced
37.There is a special program that assigns doctors to give advice to shoppers in food stores.
38.There is growing evidence from research that food helps patients recover from various illnesses.
39. A healthy breakfast can be prepared quickly and easily.
40.Training a patient to prepare healthy fod can change their life.
41. One food-as-medicine program not only prescribes food for treatment but teaches patientshow to cook it.
42. Scott is nat keen on cooking food herself thinking it would simply be a waste of time43. Diabetes patients are advised to eat more plant-based food
44.Using food as medicine is no novel idea but the movement is making headway these days.
45. Americans high rates of various illesses result from the way they eat.
再来谈谈仔细阅读部分。我们在课堂上跟大家反复强调过，四级仔细阅读的核心在于四个字“精准定位”，今年所涉及到的考点全部是我们之前课程中所涵盖到的。第一篇的题干中几乎没有大写专有名词出现，大家需要注意每道题题干中的名词短语和动宾搭配进行定位。第二篇定位难度不大，但是由于考到的文章主题为AI，定位简单的基础上，难点在于定位处和选项的对应。特别要注意的是，今年的51题考到了之前很少考的例证题。仔细阅读答案如下：
46. How could california's drought crisis be solved according to some researchers?
B- By drawing water from the depths of the earth
47. What can be inferred about extracting water from deep aquifers?
B - It was not considered worth the expense
48. What is mentioned as a consequence of extracting water from deep underground?
A- The sinking of land surface
49. What does the author say about deep wells?
D- They provide a steady supply of freshwater
50 What may happen when deep aquiters are used as water sources?
C- The cost may go up due to desalination.
51. What does the author want to show with the example of AlphaGo's victory?
D- Computers can become highly inelilence
52. What does the author 'mean by Al machines acting ethically?
C- They make sensible decisions when facing moral dilemmas.
53. What is said to be the bigger challenges facing humans in the AI age?
B- How to ensure that super- intllient AI machines act ethically.
54. What do we learn about Microsoft's 'chatbot' Taylor?
A- She could not distinguish good from bad.
55. What does Eric Schmidt think of artificial intelligence?
D- It will be here to stay whatever the outcome.
2018年12月英语四级真题答案卷一翻译
【手机改变阅读方式】
由于通信网络的快速发展，中国智能手机用户数量近年来以惊人度增长。这极大地改变了许多人的阅读方式。他们现在经常智能手机上看新闻和文章，而不买传统报刊。大量移动应用程序的开发使人们能用手机读小说和其他形式的文学作品。因此，纸质书籍的销售受到了影响。但调查显示，尽管能手机阅读市场稳步增长，超半数成年人仍喜欢读纸质书。
Due to the rapid development of communication network, the number of Chinese smartphone users has increased at an amazing speed in recent years, which has dramatically changed numerous peoples’ way of reading. Nowadays, they always read news and articles through smartphones instead of buying traditional newspapers. The development of a large number of mobile applications enables people to read novels and other forms of literary works with their phones. Therefore, the sale of paper works has been affected. But the survey reveals that although the smartphone reading market is growing steadily, more than half of the grown-ups still enjoy reading printing books.
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