每天喝4杯咖啡的女性 尿失禁的风险更大

Women who drink at least four caffeine drinks a day are more likely to develop frequent problems with bladder control.
每天喝至少4杯含咖啡因饮料的女性更有可能患膀胱控制的常见问题。

A new study of 65,000 American women found that those with the highest caffeine intake - equivalent to four or more cups of coffee or ten cans of soda a day - were more likely to develop urinary incontinence over four years.
由6.5万美国女性所做的研究表明那些具有最高咖啡因摄入量的人——等于每天喝4杯咖啡或10罐汽水——更有可能在四年后患上尿失禁。

The study found no increased risk among women consuming about three cups of coffee or less per day.
研究发现每天喝3杯或少于3杯咖啡的女性不会增加患病的风险。

In the most highly caffeine group, caffeine was particularly related to urge incontinence, a type where leakage happens after a sudden, strong urge to urinate.
在大部分高咖啡因组中，咖啡因跟急迫性尿失禁尤其有关，这是一阵突然强烈要小便的欲望，然后就排出来了。

The findings were reported in the Journal of Urology.
这些结果发表在《泌尿学杂志》中。

Dr. Mary K. Townsend, one of the researchers on the work, said: 'We only observed an increased risk of urinary incontinence among women with the highest intakes of caffeine.'
这项工作的一个研究人员Mary K. Townsend博士称：“我们只观察那些高咖啡因摄入量的女性增加患尿失禁的风险。”

She said it is too early to give women specific advice on caffeine intake, adding that more studies are needed to confirm the current results, Reuters reports.
她说现在给女性关于咖啡因摄入量提建议还太早，还需要更多的研究来证实现在的结果，路透社报道。

Mrs Townsend, of Harvard Medical School in Boston, said women who already have urinary incontinence are commonly told to limit their caffeine intake.
波士顿哈佛医学院的Mrs Townsend说，患有尿失禁的女性一般都要限制她们的咖啡因摄入量。

She said: 'Our study suggests that avoiding higher caffeine intake might also be useful advice for women who do not have urinary incontinence, but are concerned about developing it.'
她说：“我们的研究表明避免更高的咖啡因摄入量对没有患尿失禁但担心患病的女性来说也是有用的建议。”

She said caffeine might promote incontinence because it is a diuretic - it promotes flushing of water from the body - and people who already have an overactive bladder may be more susceptible to those effects.
她说咖啡因能导致尿失禁因为它是一种利尿剂——它促进水分从身体排出——而且膀胱过度活跃的人更容易受这些结果的影响。

There's also evidence, she said, that even low doses of caffeine can speed muscle contractions in the bladder.
她说，还有证据证明甚至低剂量咖啡因也会加速膀胱的肌肉收缩。

Urinary incontinence is about twice as common in women than men, and its likelihood rises with age. One large U.S. study found that almost one-quarter of women in their 60s and 70s said they had urine leakage at least once a month; the rate rose to one-third among women in their 80s.
尿失禁发生在女性身上是发生在男性身上的大约两倍，并随着年龄的增加可能性上升。美国一家大研究发现大约1/4女性在60~80岁间每月至少有一次尿失禁；这个比例在80多岁的女性身上升到1/3。

Risk factors for urinary incontinence include obesity and past pregnancies with vaginal births.
患上尿失禁的风险因素包括过度肥胖和过去怀孕的阴道分娩。

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