英将出台限酒令 或制定每日饮酒上限

　　Alcohol guidelines should be updated to include a ‘binge drinking limit’ – the maximum amount that should be consumed in one day, an expert has told MPs.
　　一位专家建议国会议员说，酒精条例应该更新了，新内容之中应该包括一项关于过度饮酒的限制，比如每天最多能喝多少。

　　Nick Heather, a professor of alcohol and drug studies, said that on no account should overall recommended drinking levels be raised.

　　一位研究酒精和药物的专家，尼克·希瑟说无论如何，饮酒的水平的都不应该提高。

　　Instead, the Government should issue advice on safe drinking limits for a week – and give an upper limit for any one day.

　　相反的是，政府给出的饮酒的安全范围却是一周，并且认为任何一天都可以达到饮酒的上线。

　　Professor Heather said the ‘binge drinking limit’ could be set to eight units a day, ‘or maybe a bit lower’. He suggested it could be six units for women.

　　希瑟教授说，限酒令将每天喝酒的量规定在8个单位以内，或者比这个更低。他还说，女士6各单位量就足够了。

　　A can of lager or a standard (175ml) glass of wine contains two units, so this would set the upper limit at four glasses of wine or four cans of lager. Six to eight shots of spirits would also fit the criteria.

　　一大罐或是175ml的葡萄酒差不多是两个单位，换句话说，四杯或是四罐葡萄酒就是上限了。6到8杯的烈酒也符合这个标准。

　　Downing large amounts of alcohol in a short period of time does more damage to the heart and liver than spreading the same amount over several days.

　　短时间内大量的饮酒对心脏及肝脏都不好，而且这种方式喝酒相较于每天喝等量的来说，伤害更大。

　　The drunkenness can also fuel violence, unplanned pregnancies and relationship breakdowns.

　　醉酒也同样会带来暴力，意外怀孕和关系破裂。

　　The Government recommends men should not regularly drink more than three to four units of alcohol a day and women should not regularly drink more than two to three units a day.

　　政府倡议男士们每天喝3到4个单位的酒，而女士们们天喝2到3单位即可。

　　But it does not give specific advice on binge drinking.

　　但是，在酗酒方面却没有明确规定。

　　Professor Heather said the belief that small amounts of alcohol are good for health was much stronger in the past than it is today.

　　希瑟教授说，现在每天少量饮酒的好处比过去更多。

　　He later told the Mail: ‘There is some evidence that even for fairly light drinking, it is a good idea to give the body a rest and give the liver a rest.

　　他告诉每日邮报，“现在有证据证明每天少量饮酒能让身体和肝脏放松。”

　　Professor Sir Ian Gilmore, former president of the Royal College of Physicians and a liver expert, said: ‘As someone who still looks after people with liver disease, and with hospital admissions rising, I think any recommendation to increase limits would sail against the tide of harm that we are seeing in our hospitals every day.’

　　来自英国皇家医师学会的前校长，肝脏专家伊恩·吉尔莫说，“当我看到人们照顾着生命的人，医院有越来越多的人住院，我认为适当的增加饮酒限制这一做法是该扬帆起航了。我们期待着看到它逆风而上，和疾病作斗争的过程。”

　　But Dr Richard Harding, who helped draw up the limits in 1995, argued that small amounts of alcohol can be good for health and urged the committee to retain ‘a sense of perspective’ in any decision it makes.

　　但是，1995年参与起草该项限令的理查德·哈丁博士坚持认为少量饮酒有益身心，敦促委员会继续保留。

　　He said that, for instance, the improved heart health that comes with moderate drinking outweighs any increased risk of breast cancer in older women.

　　他说，适量饮酒相对于导致女性的乳腺癌的概率增加之外，它对心脏健康的好处远远超出这个。

　　The committee also heard calls for sensible drinking campaigns to be run independently of the drinks’ industry. It will hear evidence from the Department of Health before coming up with its recommendations.

　　委员会除了听取制酒工业方面人的意见之外，还将会听取健康中心的建议。

　　All pubs and bars could be allowed to stay open late for the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee weekend under Government plans.

　　根据政府的计划，所有的酒吧将会在女王钻石婚纪念日的周末开到很晚。