训练自己脑瓜更聪明的秘籍

　　Want to be smarter in work, love, and life? Recent scientific advances have shown that one’s intelligence can be improved by “braining training” – and it’s not just a bump of one or two IQ points.

　　想在工作，爱情和生活上表现得更加睿智吗？近来的科学发展成果表明，一个人的智力是可以通过脑瓜训练来提升的，而且不仅仅只是提高那么一两分智商值哦！

　　IQ, measured by a battery of tests that capture a wide range of cognitive skills, from verbal to analytical and beyond, has long been thought to be unchanged throughout one’s life.

　　IQ，也就是智商，是通过对不同类型的认知技能测试而最终得出的，其中包括语言、分析判断等方面。长久以来，人们认为IQ是终生不变的。

　　But according to a recent groundbreaking study published in science magazine Nature, IQ can rise by a staggering 21 points over four years–or fall by 18.

　　但最近，科学杂志《自然》刊登了一篇具有开创性意义的研究文章。文章里说，IQ可以在四年内提高21点或者下降18点，着实令人惊奇。

　　Cognitive scientist Cathy Price of University College London, UK, and her colleagues found that IQ changes are linked to structural changes in the brain.

　　来自英国伦敦大学学院的认知科学家凯西?普莱斯和同事们发现智商值变化与大脑结构改变之间存在联系。

　　More specifically, the density and volume of the gray matter changed in the brains of those people with significantly improved IQ points.

　　更具体点说就是，那些IQ显著提高的人大脑中灰质的密度和体积都增加了。  

　　Recent research has also shown that short-term memory, traditionally regarded as only one aspect of one’s IQ, may in fact be the lever that can raise overall intelligence.

　　近来有研究表明，我们原本认为只是IQ的一个方面的短期记忆，事实上可能是“撬动”整体智力水平的一个“杠杆”。

　　Scientists led by Susanne Jaeggi of the University of Michigan, US, found in 2008 that short-term memory may be the foundation of pure intelligence to a greater extent than anyone suspected.

　　来自美国密歇根大学由苏珊娜?耶吉领导的一支科学家团队于2008年发现，短期记忆力对智力的直接促进作用可能超乎任何人的想象。

　　They trained adult volunteers on a difficult short-term-memory task: simultaneously hearing a string of letters and seeing a series of computer screens that had a blue square in different places.

　　他们对成年自愿者做了培训，让他们完成一项颇具挑战性的短期记忆任务。一边听研究人员说的一连串字母，一边同时观察一组电脑屏幕上显示的蓝色方框的位置，每个屏幕的蓝框位置各不相同。

　　The volunteers then had to identify when the spoken letter or the square’s position matched that of several screens earlier.

　　志愿者必须在听到的字母或者蓝框位置与之前屏幕出现的相符时作出判断。