经济学告诉你：关于幸福的10件事

6) Inflation makes you pretty unhappy, too. But its effect is weaker than unemployment. The mixed evidence seems to suggest that a volatile inflation rate decreases well-being, but in countries with generally stable prices, a little inflation has a small effect on happiness.
通货膨胀也会让你十分不快。但是这带来的影响要比失业弱。各种证据似乎表明，不稳定的通货膨胀率会降低幸福感，但是在通常物价稳定的国家，轻微的通货膨胀对于幸福的影响很小。

7) Working more hours makes you happier ... until it makes you miserable. As workers move from part-time work to full-time work, they're happier. But as they move from full-time work to Jesus-when-will-this-day-finally-end work, the joy of labor subsides. There seems to be an "inverse U-shaped relationship" between hours worked and self-reported well-being, although the precise figures differ across countries.
工作时间越长让你越幸福……直到这让你感到痛苦。当人们从兼职工作转为全职工作时，他们会感到更加幸福。但是当他们从全职工作转为“上帝啊什么时候今天的工作才彻底结束”这样的工作时，劳动的快乐便荡然无存。虽然在不同国家之间得到的精确调查数据有所不同，但在工作时长和自我的幸福感之间似乎有一个“反U型关系”。

8) Commuters are less happy. The studies here are really interesting. Health scientists say that commuting can make you sick and die -- not conducive to happiness. Daniel Kahneman's research on female happiness found that while commuting, women experienced the "lowest ratio of positive to negative emotions during the day." One study pegged the magic number at 22: If your commute is more than 22 minutes, there is an appreciable decline in reported well-being. Yet another study found that for every 10 minutes of additional commuting, community involvement falls by 10 percent.
每日通勤上下班的人幸福感较低。这里的研究真的非常有趣。健康学家称，每天上下班会让你生病甚至死亡——对幸福无益。丹尼尔-卡尼曼针对女性幸福感的调查发现，当乘公交车上下班时，女性会体会到“一天当中积极情绪转为消极情绪的最低点”。一项研究指出了22这个魔幻数字：据报道，如果你的通勤时间超过了22分钟，那幸福指数会有明显的下降。而另一项研究发现，乘车上班时间每增加10分钟，社区参与度就会少10%。

9) Self-employed people are happier. When workers think they're good at their job and that their bosses like them, they're more satisfied. So it makes sense that when they are their own boss, they're happier to work. A famous OECD study found that the self-employed "typically report higher levels of overall job satisfaction than the employed." But another study suggests that only rich self-employed people are happier to be self-employed.
个体经营者更幸福。如果工作者认为他们很擅长自己的工作并且老板也喜欢自己，那么他们就更有满足感。因此，当他们做自己的老板时，他们工作起来更幸福，这样就讲得通了。经合组织一项著名的研究发现，个体经营的人比受雇者更明显地“有更高的工作满意度”。但另一个研究也表明，只有富有的个体经营者才比受雇者感觉更幸福。

10) Debt sucks. The kind of debt matters. Mortgage debt doesn't correlate much with happiness. Credit card debt does -- in a negative way. Either way, high debt correlates strongly with anxiety and depression.
欠债糟糕。债务的种类很有讲究。抵押负债与幸福的关联并不高。信用卡债务则很相关，而且还是负面影响。不管怎样，高负债绝对会带来焦虑和忧愁。