职业性格测试 你了解几分?

True or False: These Tests Can Tell if You Are Right for This Job
职业性格测试 你了解几分？

An applicant's handshake may be crucial at a job interview. But a personality test can tell a company what's behind that handshake.
在求职面试中，应聘者在握手时的表现或许至关重要。不过，能让企业了解到握手背后的真实情况的则是性格测试。

Companies as varied as electronics retailer HHGregg Inc., rental-car agency Avis Budget Group Inc. and Sprint Nextel Corp. all use personality tests to help assess job applicants for conscientiousness, extroversion or other traits that may be useful in forging a successful career伟or, alternatively, derail one.
电子产品零售商HHGregg、汽车租赁企业Avis Budget Group集团以及通信公司Sprint Nextel等各类企业都在采用性格测试来考察求职者的责任心、外向性格以及其他可能有助于造就成功职业生涯（亦或毁掉职业生涯）的性格特征。

The questions are rarely straightforward, and neither are the answers. Psychology is involved, after all. Applicants may try to give answers they think the company wants to hear, and aren't likely to admit to character flaws or bad behavior. So there can be a great deal of opacity regarding what the questions are even measuring, psychologists say.
此类测试题极少直截了当，其答案也是如此，毕竟其中涉及到了心理学。应聘者可能会试图给出他们认为企业想听到的回答，不大可能会承认自己的性格缺陷或不良行为。许多心理学家认为，其后果是此类测试题所测试到的东西还非常不明确。

Moreover, test makers say a single answer holds little meaning in its own right and must be weighed alongside a series of other responses. For the best predictive results, companies often find out what traits their high performers display, and then test for those characteristics.
此外，出题者也指出，单单一个回答本身并没有什么意义，必须把它与其他一系列回答放在一起考量。为了实现最佳的预测结果，企业常常找出其表现优异的应聘者表现出了什么性格特征，然后对这些特征进行测试。

Here is a sampling of personality-test questions, what psychologists and test designers say about what each question is really looking for, and how the range of possible responses could be interpreted.
下文介绍了一些性格测试的样题、心理学家与试题设计者对各测试题实际要考察的是什么、受试者的回答会如何被阐释。

1. On television, I usually prefer watching an action movie than a program about art.
1. 看电视时，相比文艺节目，我一般更喜欢看动作片。

A) Often
A) 经常

B) ?
B) ?

C) Rarely
C) 很少

This question, from 16PF, the Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, addresses an applicant's preference for logic versus feelings and intuition, says Ralph A. Mortensen, chief psychologist of the test's publisher, the Institute for Personality and Ability Testing. Someone opting for an action flick may be more fact-focused, an important trait for analytical jobs. Those who answer 'rarely' may have more creative personalities. If they choose the question mark on B, it doesn't tell you much: Perhaps they do both an equal amount or perhaps they simply aren't sure.
这道测试题取自16种个性因素问卷(Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire，简称“16PF”)，该测试题的发布者、人格及能力测试研究所(Institute for Personality and Ability Testing)的首席心理学家拉尔夫?A.莫滕森(Ralph A. Mortensen)称，该题考查的是答题者对逻辑及感觉与直觉的偏好。喜欢看动作片的人可能更注重事实，这是从事分析类工作的重要特质。那些回答为“很少”的人可能更具有创造力。如果答题者选择了B选项中的问号，其提供的信息量就不多，它可能表示答题者看动作片与文艺节目的时间相差无几，又或者是他们对此不确定。

2. True or False: People often expect too much of me.
2. 是非题：“大家常常对我期望过高。”

This question, from the California Psychological Inventory, indicates a test taker's 'conceptual fluency,' or ability to understand complex concepts, says Rich Thompson, director of research at test publisher CPP Inc. Someone who answers 'True' is likely to be easily overwhelmed and may not believe in his or her own talent.
这道题选自加州心理调查表(California Psychological Inventory)，该测试题的发布者CPP公司的研究主管里奇·汤普森(Rich Thompson)称，该题能够表明答题者的“概念流利性”，即理解复杂概念的能力。回答为“是”的答题者可能容易被压力压垮、不相信自己的才能。

3. True or False: I like parties and socials.
3. 是非题：“我喜欢参加派对和社交。”

A 'True' response would be a positive sign for the 'sociability' scale, indicating an outgoing personality. But it's a negative for 'independence.' It could mean 'you like being part of a crowd,' Dr. Thompson says. 'And if you like being part of a crowd, perhaps you follow the crowd.'
回答为“是”可能表明你能在“社交能力”方面加分，表明你性格外向。但是，它会让你在“独立性”方面减分。汤普森博士称，它可能表明“你喜欢成为大众的一份子，而如果你喜欢融入大众的话，或许你就容易随大流”。