正文
单纯喝酒不会让人长胖,饭菜才是真凶
利姆说适量饮酒者似乎可以抵抗一般的体重增长，其原因尚不明确，但可能与代谢调节有关。人们饮酒后，心跳加快，所以他们会在接下来的一小时里燃烧更多卡路里。
'It's a modest amount,' he said. 'But if you take an individual that eats 100 calories instead of a glass of wine, the person drinking the glass of wine will have a slight increase in the amount of calories burned.'
“这一消耗量并不算高”，他说。“但是如果一个人吃了100卡食物，而另一个人喝了一杯酒，喝酒的人消耗的卡路里会略多一些。”
Food choices could also play a role. Some studies suggest that women who drink alcohol eat fewer sweet foods, possibly because alcohol stimulates the same pleasure center in the brain as sweets, said Dr. Rimm. That isn't seen as consistently in men.
酒后对于食物的选择也有一定影响。利姆说，一些研究表明，女性在饮酒后较少吃甜食，很可能是由于酒精与甜食一样刺激了脑部愉悦中枢。这一点在男性身上并无明显规律。
Men have more of the alcohol dehydrogenase group of enzymes that metabolize some alcohol in the stomach than women, said Andrea N. Giancoli, spokeswoman for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, a professional organization.
安德烈娅・N・詹科利(Andrea N. Giancoli)说，相较于女性，男性体内拥有更多乙醇脱氢?，可将胃里的酒精分解代谢。她是专业机构营养与饮食学会(Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics)的新闻发言人。
One theory for what this might mean is that women's bodies divert alcohol not being broken down in the stomach to a different metabolic pathway that results in more calories being burned, said Ms. Giancoli, a registered dietitian near Los Angeles. As a result, fewer calories from alcohol may be stored in women as fat, she said.
这位身处洛杉矶附近的营养学家詹科利还说，有一个理论可以解释这种说法，女性的身体会将酒精转移，而不是在胃里分解输送到不同的代谢通道，这会导致消耗更多卡路里。她说，结果是，较少的来自酒类中的卡路里会被转化为脂肪储存于女性体内。
Another factor is drinking patterns. A 2005 study in the American Journal of Epidemiology looked at data from 45,896 drinkers. It found that as the quantity of drinking increased from one to four drinks in a day, the subjects' body-mass index increased.
另一个影响因素是饮酒习惯。《美国流行病学杂志》2005年的一项研究参照了45,896名饮酒者的数据。结果表明，随着每日饮酒量从一杯到四杯逐渐递增，饮酒者的身体质量指数也会上升。
'People who drank the least often but drank more on the days that they drank had higher BMI,' said Dr. Breslow, who co-authored the study.
研究合著者布雷斯洛说：“平时很少喝酒但偶尔大量饮酒的人身体质量指数更高。”
Dr. Breslow's latest study, which found caloric intake increases with moderate drinking, didn't look at associations between alcohol and body weight or track food choices and diets over time. She suggested that people who increase their caloric intake with moderate drinking one day might compensate the next day by consuming less.
布雷斯洛的最新研究发现，卡路里吸收会因适量饮酒而增多，但研究并未考察酒精和体重之间的联系，也未追踪食物选择和长时间的饮食规律。她认为因适量饮酒而摄入了更多卡路里的人会在第二天少吃一点作为弥补。
The study, which appeared in the May issue of the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and included 1,864 mostly moderate drinkers.
这项研究发表于5月的《美国临床营养学杂志》（American Journal of Clinical Nutrition），其对美国国家健康与营养检测调查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey)中1,864名通常适量饮酒的人的数据进行了分析。
Another study, which looked at data from nearly 16,000 individuals over a year, concluded that as alcohol consumption increased there was a decline in diet quality.
另一项研究参考了近16,000人全年的数据，得出的结论是饮食的质量随着酒精摄入量的增加而降低。
That research was published in the Journal of the American Dietetic Association in 2010.
这项研究刊登在2010年的《美国营养协会杂志》(Journal of the American Dietetic Association)上。
David Jensen, a 56-year-old who considers himself overweight, says cutting his daily drink or two helped him reduce nighttime snacking. 'You have a glass of wine and then it's, oh man, I need cheese with that, or I need chocolate. You end up eating all this other stuff,' said Mr. Jensen, who lives near Seattle and works as a translator for financial clients.
今年56岁的大卫・詹森(David Jensen)认为自己体重超标，他说减少日常饮酒量有助于少吃夜宵。詹森说：“如果你喝了一杯酒，就会想，哎呀，我需要配一块奶酪下酒，或者我要一块巧克力。”他住在西雅图附近，为金融客户提供翻译服务。
Last year he stopped drinking for five months and lost just over 10 pounds 'with really no effort,' Mr. Jensen said.
詹森说，去年他戒酒五个月，体重“不费吹灰之力”地减轻10磅有余（约合4.5公斤）。
But once he started drinking again his weight went up and he is back to where he started.
但是当他重新开始喝酒时，体重立刻反弹回到了原点。
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