英国女生比男生更想变性 因“假小子”形象受欢迎

据英国国民保健系统（NHS）的最新统计数据显示，寻求NHS性别认同发展服务的女生人数首次超过男生的两倍。2016年，有1400名女性寻求性别认同治疗，相比之下男性有616名。专家表示，假小子的流行致使希望变性的女生人数急剧增加。有人认为女性更容易发生跨性别认同，是因为假小子是一种正面形象。

The popularity of tomboys has sparked a sharp rise in the number of girls wanting to swap gender, according to a leading NHS psychologist.
英国国民保健系统（NHS）一位著名心理学家表示，假小子的流行致使希望变性的女生人数急剧增加。

New statistics show that for the first time, more than double the number of girls compared to boys seek the NHS's gender identity development service.
新的统计数据显示，寻求NHS性别认同发展服务的女孩人数首次超过男孩的两倍。

In popular culture, lead characters such as Katniss Everdeen in The Hunger Games, Tris Prior in the Divergent series, or Eleven in Stranger Things, have sparked a revival of strong tomboyoish, females.
《饥饿游戏》中的凯特尼斯•伊夫狄恩、《分歧者》系列中的特里斯•普赖尔、《怪奇物语》中的11等流行文化中的主角让强势的假小子风在女性中再次流行。

In the past year there have been 1,400 'assigned at birth' females who have sought treatment, compared with 616 males.
2016年，有1400名“天生的”女性寻求性别认同治疗，相比之下男性有616名。

"It's a very interesting question, and an important question, because it was the other way around initially," said Dr Polly Carmichael, who is the head of the gender identity development service.
NHS性别认同发展中心的负责人波利•卡迈克尔博士称：“这是一个非常有趣且重要的问题，因为这和最初的情况正好相反。”

"There have been different ideas put forward. Some people have talked about how it is easier for girls to cross-gender identify because it's a positive image to be a tomboy.
“已经有人提出不同的观点。有人认为女性更容易发生跨性别认同，因为假小子是一种正面形象。”

The service - which is the NHS's only gender identity service and is based at the Tavistock and Portman NHS Foundation Trust in north London - was commissioned in 2009.
NHS性别认同发展中心成立于2009年，位于伦敦北部的塔维斯托克和波特曼NHS信托基金会，是NHS唯一一个性别认同服务机构。

In its first year, it recorded carrying out appointments for 56 males compared with 40 girls.
该机构成立的第一年，接诊的男生为56人，而女生为40人。

Since then, the numbers have grown astronomically, and the gender gap has both flipped around and widened.
此后，接诊人数迅速增加，性别差距发生了反转，且差距被拉大。

There were 88 males compared with 118 females in 2011/12, 121 compared with 188 in 2012/13, 188 to 278 in 2013/14, 270 to 427 in 2014/15, and 490 to 929 in 2015/16.
2011至2012年期间，该机构接诊男性88人，女性118人；2012至2013年，接诊男性121人，女性188人；2013至2014年，接诊男性188人，女性278人；2014至2015，接诊男性270人，女性427人；2015至2016，接诊男性490人，女性929人。

Popular arguments that suggest it is unappealing to be female include a perception of being tied to domestic labour, body image pressures and a gender pay gap.
常见的观点认为，人们讨厌做女性的原因包括被家务劳动束缚的感觉、身体形象压力以及性别导致的工资差距。

The latest figures also show the number of referrals to the Tavistock Centre has generally risen by more than 50 percent each year, although the most recent data indicates only a 42 percent increase.
最新数据还显示，每年转诊到塔维斯托克中心的患者人数普遍增幅超过50%，不过最近的数据显示的增幅仅为42%。

The data also revealed meanwhile that 32 children aged five or below - or at least just their parents - visited the clinic in 2016/17, compared with 20 in 2015/16, and just six in 2009/10.
数据还显示，2016至2017年来就诊（或其父母前来咨询）的5岁以下儿童有32人，而2015至2016年有20人，2009至2010年仅有6人。

Only about 40 percent go through with identifying as a different gender, and the clinic will only consider referring children for hormone blockers once they reach stage two of puberty.
仅有约40%的就诊者存在性别认同差异，而塔维斯托克中心只会在患者进入第二次性发育时才会考虑对其进行荷尔蒙阻断治疗。

The clinic only expects families to visit if the children are showing genuine distress, and does not expect the particularly young kids to join their parents at appointment.
塔维斯托克中心希望人们在孩子表现的真的很痛苦时再来就诊，而且当孩子年幼时，希望家长单独来咨询。

"There has been a huge increase in interest over the last couple of years," added Dr Carmichael.
卡迈克尔称：“过去几年间，人们对这一问题的关注迅速增加。”

"I think if parents have a concern it's entirely appropriate to seek expert advice. We don't say 'they need a transition', but it's an opportunity for them to discuss what they have heard and to develop a dialogue and relationship.
“我认为，如果父母有这方面的担心的话，完全可以寻求专家的意见。我们不认为‘他们需要变性’，但这给他们机会把所听到的说出来，和他们展开对话，建立关系。”

"If families don't seek support then it might be that only later, at puberty, they're very distressed so it's not unhelpful to make contact earlier."
“如果家长们不寻求帮助，那么之后到了青春期，孩子们可能会非常痛苦。所以较早接触这个问题不是没有好处的。”