5条建议，帮你更好阅读英文素材

阅读是学习英语重要的一部分，但许多学生都觉得阅读很难。本次整理的一些建议可以是你通过使用在母语中用到的技巧来帮助你提高阅读。

Tip 1: Read for Gist
建议一：读主旨

Gist = the main ideas
Gist=主旨，要点

Read the text a first time. Don't stop. Read to understand the main ideas, and don't look up new words. You'll be surprised that you can usually understand the general idea of the story.
首先通读全文。不要中途停下，在阅读的过程中理解主旨，不要查新词。你会惊讶地发现，你总是能够理解故事的大意。

Tip 2: Use Context
建议二：读上下文

Context refers words and situations that are around a word you don't understand. Look at the example sentence:
上下文指的是围绕一个你不理解地词语地一些词组和语境。请看例句：

I went to the shlumping to buy some chitla for dinner.What's 'schlumping'? - it must be a store because you bought something there.
Shlumping是什么意思？——它肯定指的是一个商店，因为你是在那儿买东西。

What's 'chitia'? - It must be food because you are going to eat it for dinner.
Chitia是什么意思？它肯定是一种食物，因为你晚餐得吃它。

Tip 3: Use Your Own Language
建议三：使用自己的母语

One of the best tips on improving reading is to think about how you read in your own language. Start by thinking about how you read different documents. How do you read the newspaper? How do you read novels? How do you read train schedules? and so on. Taking time to think about this will help give you clues on how to read in English - even if you don't understand every single word.
提高阅读最好的方法之一就是，想想自己阅读母语材料的方式是怎样的。先思考你是怎样阅读不同类型的文本。你是怎么读报纸的？你是怎么读小说的？你是怎么读火车时刻表的？等等。花些时间来思考，这会为你进行英语阅读提供一些线索——即使你并不是每个词都认识。

Ask yourself this question: Do I read every word in your own language when I am reading a schedule, summary, or other outlining document?
问你自己一个问题：当我在读母语的日程表、总结或其他大纲文件时，是逐词阅读吗？

The answer is most definitely: No!
答案肯定是：不！

Reading in English is like reading in your native language. This means that it is not always necessary to read and understand each and every word in English. Remember that reading skills in your native language and English are basically the same.
英语阅读就像你的母语阅读一样。这意味着我们不总是需要阅读并理解英语中的每一个词语。记住，你的母语阅读技巧在英语阅读中也同样适用。

Tip 4: Understand Different Reading Skills
建议四：了解不同的阅读技巧

Here is a quick overview of the four types of reading skills used in every language:
下面是对四种阅读技巧的快速一览，这些技巧适用于任何语言。

Skimming - used to understand the "gist" or main idea
略读——用来理解“主旨”或“大意”。

Scanning - used to find a particular piece of information
翻阅——用来找寻特定的信息

Extensive reading - used for pleasure and general understanding
泛读——用于娱乐性地或大致地了解

Intensive reading - accurate reading for detailed understanding
精读——为了理解细节而进行的精确阅读

1.Skimming
略读

Skimming is used to quickly gather the most important information, or 'gist'. Run your eyes over the text, noting important information. Use skimming to quickly get up to speed on a current business situation. It's not essential to understand each word when skimming.
略读是用来快速获取最重要的信息，或“主旨”。扫视文本，找到重要的信息。使用略读可以快速进入状态，了解最近的经济状况。略读时，我们不需要了解每一个词语的意思。

Examples of Skimming:
略读的例子：

The Newspaper (quickly to get the general news of the day)
报纸（快速获取当天新闻的大概）

Magazines (quickly to discover which articles you would like to read in more detail)
杂志（快速找出你想仔细阅读的文章）

Business and Travel Brochures (quickly to get informed)
商务和旅游宣传册（快速了解情况）

2.Scanning
翻阅

Scanning is used to find a particular piece of information. Run your eyes over the text looking for the specific piece of information you need. Use scanning on schedules, meeting plans, etc. in order to find the specific details you require. If you see words or phrases that you don't understand, don't worry when scanning.
翻阅是用来寻找某条特定的信息。扫视文本，找出你需要的具体某条信息。在寻读的时候，如果看到不理解的词语或短语也不必担心。

Examples of Scanning
翻阅的例子

The "What's on TV" section of your newspaper.
报纸上关于“电视节目”板块

A train / airplane schedule
火车/飞机时刻表

A conference guide
会议指南

3.Extensive reading
泛读

Extensive reading is used to obtain a general understanding of a subject and includes reading longer texts for pleasure, as well as business books. Use extensive reading skills to improve your general knowledge of business procedures. Do not worry if you understand each word.
泛读是用来对某个主题进行大致的了解，包括出于兴趣阅读较长的文本和商务书籍。使用泛读技巧可以提高你在阅读商务流程大致信息的技巧。不需要每个词都理解。

Examples of Extensive Reading
泛读的例子

The latest marketing strategy book
最新的行销策略书籍

A novel you read before going to bed
睡前读的小说

Magazine articles that interest you
感兴趣的杂志文章

4.Intensive reading
精读

Intensive reading is used on shorter texts in order to extract specific information. It includes very close accurate reading for detail. Use intensive reading skills to grasp the details of a specific situation. In this case, it is important that you understand each word, number or fact.
精读是用来阅读比较短的文本以获取具体的信息。它包括详细的精确阅读。精读技巧可以抓住具体情况中的细节。在这种情形下，阅读每一个词语、数字或事实就很重要了。

Examples of Intensive Reading
精读的例子

A bookkeeping report
账本

An insurance claim
保险索赔材料

A contract
合同