如何预防儿童得2型糖尿病

With obesity rates on the rise - and, perhaps most importantly, on the rise in children - type 2 diabetes is an ever increasing strain on the NHS. While manageable, it's a disease best avoided. Diabetes affects how the body glucose, which is the main type of sugar in the blood.
随着肥胖率的增加--也许最为重要的是，儿童肥胖率的增加--英国国民健康体系面临的2型糖尿病的压力也越来越大。虽然糖尿病易于管理，但最好还是不要患这种疾病。糖尿病会影响体内葡萄糖，这是血糖的主要类型。

Glucose is sourced from the food we eat. To process it, we need a hormone called insulin. Diabetes inhibits this from happening properly. Before we look at how to help kids avoid developing diabetes, here are the two types so that you can differentiate, if you're unaware. The NHS has the information handy.
葡萄糖源于我们所吃的食物。为了消化葡萄糖，我们需要一种称之为胰岛素的荷尔蒙。糖尿病会抑制胰岛素的正常分泌。在研究如何避免儿童得糖尿病之前，您应该懂得区分糖尿病的这2种类型（如果您不了解的话）。英国国民健康体系提供了这类信息。

What is diabetes?
什么是糖尿病？

1. Type 1 diabetes, in which the immune system attacks the pancreas and destroys the cells that make insulin.
1. 1型糖尿病：免疫系统攻击胰腺并破坏产生胰岛素的细胞。

2. Type 2 diabetes, in which the pancreas can still make insulin, but the body doesn't respond to it properly.
2. 2型糖尿病：胰腺仍可分泌胰岛素，但身体却无法做出适当反映。

In both forms, glucose can't get into human cells properly. This causes a rise in blood sugar levels, which can lead to serious health complications. Type 1 cannot be prevented. Doctors can't tell who's going to get it - simply, it's the luck of the draw. Today, the disease can be treated and people don't have to get ill. In both types of diabetes, glucose can't get into the cells normally. This causes a rise in blood sugar levels, which can make someone sick if not treated.
在两种情况下，葡萄糖都无法恰当的进入人体细胞。这会导致血糖水平升高，从而导致严重的健康并发症。1型糖尿病无法预防。医生也不知道谁会得1型糖尿病--简而言之，这全凭运气。现而今，糖尿病可以得到治疗，人们不必因此生病。在这两种糖尿病中，葡萄糖无法正常的进入细胞，导致血糖水平升高，如果不加以治疗，人们会因此生病。

It's not contagious nor is it hereditary. And your doctor will best guide you in dealing with it. Type 2 though is developed over time. And is preventable in many cases, especially in children.
糖尿病不属于传染性疾病，也不是遗传性的。你的医生会尽可能的指导你应对糖尿病。但2型糖尿病通常随着时间的推移而发展。很多情况下是可以预防的，尤其可以预防儿童发展2型糖尿病。

Is my child at risk of diabetes?
我的孩子是否有患糖尿病的风险？

Excessive weight gain, obesity, and a sedentary lifestyle are all things that put youngsters at risk in later life. Today, more kids and teens are being diagnosed with type 2 diabetes than ever before due to unhealthy lifestyles.
过度的体重增加、肥胖和久坐的生活方式都是小孩以后可能患糖尿病的因素。现而今，越来越多的儿童和青少年都被诊断出患有2型糖尿病，这都是由于不健康的生活方式所致。

Diets high in sugar and fat contribute to the likelihood of getting diabetes. A lack of exercise also isn't good. It's true that some people are more susceptible to developing the disease than others. Some racial groups are at heightened risk too. But the best thing to do for your kids is give them the best possible chance of avoiding type 2 diabetes.
含糖量和含脂肪量高的饮食导致了患糖尿病的可能性。缺少锻炼也不是件好事。虽然有些人比其他人更易患糖尿病这是事实，但一些种族群体也处于高风险之中。所以你能为孩子做的最好的事情就是：尽可能的让他们避免得2型糖尿病。