不吃主食会减寿?研究称可能少活4年,花卷馒头你们好呀

The peer-reviewed research published in the medical journal "The Lancet Public Health" suggests low and high-carb diets could shorten life, and diets including some carbs could promote a healthy lifespan.
医学杂志《柳叶刀公共卫生》的一项同行评议的研究表明，低碳水化合物和高碳水化合物的饮食会缩短寿命，含有碳水化合物的饮食则可以延长健康的寿命。

The study analyzed self-reported data from more than 15,400 middle-aged Americans who participated in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study. The dietary patterns researchers found were compared against additional studies that included 432,000 people in more than 20 countries.
该研究分析了参与社区动脉粥样硬化风险研究的1.54万名美国中年人的自我报告数据。研究人员将发现的饮食模式与来自20多个国家的43.2万人的研究进行了比较。

Researchers concluded that people who ate a moderate amount of carbohydrates lived four years longer than those with low-carbohydrate consumption and one year longer than those who ate a lot of carbohydrates.
研究人员得出结论，吃适量碳水化合物的人比食用低碳水化合物的人长寿四年，比吃大量碳水化合物的人长寿一年。

Low-carb diets were defined as less than 40 percent of calories from carbohydrates and high-carb diets were more than 70 percent of calories.
低碳水化合物饮食定义为碳水化合物含量少于食物整体热量的40%，高碳水化合物饮食则是超过70%。

"Our data suggests that animal-based low carbohydrate diets, which are prevalent in North America and Europe, might be associated with shorter overall life span and should be discouraged."
“我们的数据表明，在北美和欧洲流行的以动物性蛋白质及脂肪为基础的低碳水化合物的饮食，可能与较短的总寿命有关，不应当大肆提倡。”

Researchers observed that people who replaced carbohydrates with protein and fat from animals had a higher risk of early death compared to those who replaced carbohydrates with plant-based foods.
研究人员发现，食用动物性蛋白质和脂肪来代替碳水化合物的人，比那些用植物性食物代替碳水化合物的人减寿的风险更高。

"These findings bring together several strands that have been controversial. Too much and too little carbohydrate can be harmful but what counts most is the type of fat, protein, and carbohydrate."
“这些发现把一些有争议的观点统一到了一起。过多和过少的碳水化合物都是有害的，但最重要的是脂肪、蛋白质和碳水化合物的种类。”

Self-reported data can be flawed, because it relies on the subject's memory. Another limitation of the study: Diets were measured only twice during the 25-year study period, at the start of the study and again six years later.
自我报告的数据可能存在缺陷，因为它依赖于受试者的记忆。该研究的另一个局限性是：在25年的研究期间，饮食只测量了两次，分别是在研究开始和6年后测量的。