英国：圣诞节收到无人机礼物？先通过考试再试飞

圣诞节送什么礼物最酷炫？来一架新潮的无人机？英国民用航空管理局表示，想要在圣诞节给孩子买无人机的家长们，请三思，因为今后需要通过在线考试，才能够操纵无人机。

Children who get drones as presents this Christmas will have to sit through driving theory-style tests before they can fly them, regulators have said.

英国监管部门表示，所有在今年圣诞节收到无人机礼物的孩子都需要通过无人机驾驶理论考试，才能够操纵无人机。

Budding pilots of all ages must show they are capable of flying the devices "safely and legally" by passing a multiple-choice quiz before taking them to the skies.

所有年龄的“新手飞行员”都必须展示出有“安全合法”地操纵无人机的能力。在操纵无人机之前，他们需要通过一项选择题考试。

budding [ˈbʌdɪŋ]：adj.萌芽的；发育期的

Anybody who flies a drone without doing so will face fines of up to £1,000 under a new system being launched by the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) on Tuesday.

按照英国民用航空管理局新系统的要求，任何没有通过考试就操纵无人机的人都将面临最高1000英镑（约合人民币8939元）的罚款。

It comes as figures reveal a "sky-tipping" crisis that has seen hundreds of drones crash-landing in trees, parks, gardens, rivers and beaches.

有数据显示，丛林、公园、花园、河流和海滩等地发生过数百起无人机坠落事件，因此英国民用航空管理局不得不采取这项措施。

The new regulations, which become law on November 30, applies to drones or model aircraft weighing between 250g and 20kg.

新规自今年11月30日起将在英国境内生效，涉及所有重量在250克至20千克之间的无人机和航模。

Anyone who wants to fly one outdoors will have to pass a free online test and get a flyer ID from the CAA.

任何想要在户外操纵无人机的人都必须通过免费的在线测试，并获得英国民用航空管理局出具的飞行证件。

The exam will consist of 20 questions about the laws and safety measures relating to remote-controlled aircraft.

测试将包括20道有关遥控飞机的法律和安全措施问题。

If aspiring pilots answer 16 questions correctly, they will be granted a flyer ID, which must be renewed every three years.

如果参与测试者能答对16题，就能获得飞行证件，该证件必须每三年更新一次。

There is no limit to the number of times a person can sit the test, and no minimum age requirement, but children under 13 can only register with a parent or guardian present.

测试没有考试次数和最低年龄限制，但是13岁以下的孩子只能在有父母或监护人在场的情况下注册考试。

The tighter regulations could make parents think twice before buying their children drones for Christmas.

这项更严格的规定可能会让父母在圣诞节给孩子买无人机前三思。

With prices ranging from £15-£194 for cheap models, the flying gadgets have become a popular stocking filler in recent years.

廉价的无人机价格在15英镑到194英镑之间，近年来已成为热门的圣诞节礼物。

stocking filler：圣诞节礼品

The CAA has raised concerns about the Christmas drone craze, saying families are clueless about the strict laws governing their use.

英国民用航空管理局对圣诞无人机热表示担忧，称很多家庭对严格的使用法律一无所知。

clueless [ˈkluːləs]：adj.一无所知的

The regulator's new "drones reunited" service comes after a quarter of pilots admitted losing their devices mid-flight in a new CAA study, with half going missing due to battery loss, poor signal or technical faults.

在此前英国民用航空管理局开展的一项最新研究中，四分之一的无人机驾驶员承认在飞行途中丢失了设备，其中一半由于电池损耗、信号差或技术故障而丢失，因此该机构推出了新的“无人机联合”服务。

There is currently no official scheme to return missing drones to their owners, but dozens of people have reported finding them in parks, gardens, beaches and school playing fields on social media.

目前还没有官方计划将失踪的无人机物归原主，但已有数十人在社交媒体上说，在公园、花园、海滩和学校操场上发现过无人机。

The regulator said it expects that 90,000 people will be required to register as drone operators under the new rules.

英国民用航空管理局表示，根据新规，预计将有9万人需要注册成为无人机驾驶员。

The British Airline Pilots Association (BALPA), a trade union for UK pilots, said the new rules will help to improve airspace safety.

英国飞行员工会——英国飞行员协会（BALPA）表示，新规定将有助于提高航空安全。

Dr Rob Hunter, BALPAs Head of Flight Safety, said it was "desperately needed to ensure a collision between an aircraft and a drone is avoided".

该协会的飞行安全主管罗布•亨特博士表示，“迫切需要新规来避免飞机与无人机相撞”。

Last year pilots in British airspace reported 125 potentially serious incidents involving drones to the UK Airprox Board, rising from only six in 2014.

2018年，英国领空的飞行员向英国空难调查委员会报告了125起涉及无人机的潜在严重事故，而2014年只有6起。