如何提高英语阅读能力

SQ3R is a reading strategy formed from its letters: Survey! Question! Read! Recite! Review!
SQ3R是一种阅读方法，由英文Survey，Question，Read，Recite，Review的首字母组成，分别代表“浏览、发问、阅读、复述、复习”五个学习阶段。
 

SQ3R will help you build a framework to understand your reading assignment.

SQ3R将帮助你搭建一个框架从而理解你的阅读任务。
 

Before you read, Survey the chapter:

在你阅读之前，浏览一下章节:
 

 

·the title, headings, and subheadings
浏览目录，标题和副标题
 

·captions under pictures, charts, graphs or maps

浏览图片，表格，图表或地图下的文字说明
 

·review questions or teacher-made study guides

回顾问题或老师制定的学习指南
 

·introductory and concluding paragraphs

注意开头和结尾段落
 

·summary

进行总结
 

Question while you are surveying:

浏览时的问题：
 

·Turn the title, headings, and/or subheadings into questions

就题目，标题或副标题提问
 

·Read questions at the end of the chapters or after each subheading

阅读每个章节或每个副标题后面提出的问题
 

·Ask yourself, "What did my instructor say about this chapter or subject when it was assigned?"

问自己，“老师布置任务的时候对这个章节或主题都讲了什么内容？”
 

·Ask yourself, "What do I already know about this subject?"

问自己，“对这个主题我都知道些什么？”
 

Note: If it is helpful to you, write out these questions for consideration.This variation is called SQW3R.

注意：如果这对你有所帮助，试着把这些问题写下来以供思考。这就演变成SQW3R法（ Survey，Question，Write, Read，Recite，Review），即“浏览、发问、书写、阅读、复述、复习”。
 

When you begin to Read:

在你开始阅读时:
 

·Look for answers to the questions you first raised

寻找你刚开始所提问题的答案
 

·Answer questions at the beginning or end of chapters or study guides

在章节开头或章节末尾或学习指南处回答问题
 

·Reread captions under pictures, graphs, etc.

重读图片，图表等下的文字说明
 

·Note all the underlined, italicized, bold printed words or phrases

对所有加下划线，斜体和粗体的词或短语作笔记
 

·study graphic aids

学习图表知识
 

·Reduce your speed for difficult passages

读到难理解的地方放慢速度
 

·Stop and reread parts which are not clear

读到不理解的地方停下来重新阅读
 

·Read only a section at a time and recite after each section

一次只读一个小节，每小节之后进行背诵
 

Recite after you've read a section:

阅读完一个小节之后进行复述：
 

·Orally ask yourself questions about what you have just read, or summarize, in your own words, what you read

口头复述，对刚阅读完的内容进行提问，或用自己的话进行总结
 

·Take notes from the text but write the information in your own words

对所读文本做笔记，并用自己的语言将信息表达出来
 

·Underline or highlight important points you've just read

读到重点地方用下划线或高光进行标记
 

·Reciting:

复述：
 

The more senses you use the more likely you are to remember what you read

利用的感官越多你就越容易记住你所阅读的内容
 

Triple strength learning: Seeing, saying, hearing

三倍功效学习法：看、说、听
 

Quadruple strength learning: Seeing , saying , hearing, writing!!!

四倍功效学习法：看、说、听、写
 

 

Review: an ongoing process
复习：持续进行的阶段
 

Day One
第一天
 

·After you have read and recited the entire chapter, write questions in the margins for those points you have highlighted or underlined.

阅读整个章节并复述完之后，在空白处对下划线和高光标记过的重点提些问题并写下来。
 

·If you took notes while reciting, write questions for the notes you have taken in the left hand margins of your notebook.

如果你在复述的过程中作了笔记，在笔记本的左边空白处就所作笔记写几个问题。
 

·Complete the form for a critical reading review.

完成批判性阅读复习表格。
 

Day Two

第二天
 

·Page through the text and/or your notebook to re-acquaint yourself with the important points.

浏览文本或你的笔记本来重新熟悉文章重点。
 

·Cover the right hand column of your text/note-book and orally ask yourself the questions in the left hand margins.

口述文本或笔记本左边的问题并在右边空白处写下你的答案。
 

·Orally recite or write the answers from memory.

根据记忆进行口头复述或写下你的答案。
 

·Develop mnemonic devices for material which need to be memorized.

针对需要进行记忆的材料想些特别的记忆方法。
 

·Make flash cards for those questions which give you difficulty.

对难理解的内容提些问题并制作成卡片。
 

Days Three, Four and Five

第三、四、五天
 

·Alternate between your flash cards and notes and test yourself(orally or in writing) on the questions you formulated.

根据所制作的问题卡片对自己进行测试（口头或笔写）。
 

·Make additional flash cards if necessary.

如有必要再制作额外的卡片。
 

Weekend

周末
 

·Using the text and notebook, make a Table of Contents - list all the topics and sub-topics you need to know from the chapter.

根据文本和笔记本制作一个目录，把你需要了解的主题和子主题罗列出来。
 

·From the Table of Contents, make a study Sheet.

根据目录制作一张学习表。
 

·Recite the information orally and in your own words as you put the study Sheet together.

学习表整合到一起后用自己的语言进行口头复述，将信息表达出来。
 

·As you have consolidated all the information you need for this chapter, periodically review the Sheet/Map so that at test time you will not have to cram.

当你把这一章节的所有需要用到的信息都巩固了以后并定期复习这张学习表，考试的时候你就无需死记硬背啦。