外卖平台叫你别浪费食物：推出“半份菜”服务

近来，可以感觉到，节约粮食的呼声是越来越高。

据2018年中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所和世界自然基金会联合发布的《中国城市餐饮食物浪费报告》显示，2015年中国城市餐饮业仅餐桌食物浪费量就在1700万至1800万吨之间，相当于3000万至5000万人一年的食物量。

从场所和群体来看，大型餐馆、游客群体、中小学生群体、公务聚餐等是餐饮食物浪费的“重灾区”。

《经济日报》的记者调查发现“光盘难”与民众的餐饮消费观念、生活习惯、餐饮企业管理等诸多因素都有关。

对此，近来外卖平台，诸如饿了么和美团外卖，都纷纷拿出了对策来倡导节约粮食。

Last week Meituan co-published a proposal with a number of business organizations, including the China General Chamber of Commerce and China Cuisine Association, calling on restaurants to stop food waste and help cultivate new eating habits for customers.

上周，美团与包括中国商业联合会和中国烹饪协会在内的多家机构联合发表了一份倡议书，呼吁餐馆停止浪费食物，帮助培养顾客新的饮食习惯。

“Restaurants should innovate means of publicity using official accounts on social media and live-streaming to promote and advocate food-saving actions,” the proposal said.

倡议书称：“餐厅应该创新宣传手段，利用社交媒体上的官方账号和直播，来宣传和倡导节约食物的行为。”

美团建议商户为顾客提供指引——告知食材的味道、分量等信息，方便顾客按需点单。

Meituan and the organizations are advocating that merchants offer guidance for consumers, including reminding them during the ordering process about the taste of the ingredients, portion sizes and other information about the dishes, to help them avoid food waste due to misleading information.

美团和这些组织倡导商家为消费者提供指引，包括在点菜过程中提醒消费者注意食材的味道、分量大小以及其他有关菜肴的信息，以帮助他们避免因为被信息误导而浪费食物。

Catering associations in more than 18 provinces have also joined the campaign to eliminate food waste. On Friday the China Cuisine Association announced that it had teamed up with Ele.me, the Alibaba Group Holding-owned food delivery platform, to launch a“half-dish plan”, encouraging restaurants to provide customers with the option to order smaller portions.

超过18个省的餐饮协会也加入了减少食物浪费的行动中。上周五，中国烹饪协会宣布与阿里巴巴集团旗下的食品配送平台饿了么合作，推出“半份计划”，鼓励餐馆为顾客提供选择，让他们可以点小份菜。

不仅是餐饮业相关各方，互联网公司也加入了进来。抖音和快手都加强了食物类视频的审核并且规范了吃播直播。

To curb portrayals of food waste on social media platforms, popular Chinese video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou have stepped up content reviews of food-related live streams and implemented regulation of online eating shows.

为了遏制社交媒体上的食物浪费现象，抖音、快手等中国热门视频平台都加强了与食品相关的直播内容审查，并对线上饮食节目实施监管。

 A deliveryman prepares to deliver food from a restaurant in Shanghai. [Photo provided to China Daily]

Now if users search certain keywords, such as “eating show” or “competitive eaters”, a cautionary message pops up to remind them to cherish food and maintain a reasonable diet.

现在，如果用户搜索某些关键词，比如“吃播”或“大胃王挑战”，就会弹出一条提示信息，提醒用户爱惜食物，保持合理饮食。

美国的食物浪费也很严重。当地媒体报道称大约有40%的食物最终落得被美国消费者扔到垃圾桶的下场。

Across the country, about 40% of all the food Americans buy ends up in the trash. That food waste costs the average family of four about $1,500 a year. It also takes up valuable space in landfills.

在全美范围内，美国人购买的食物中大约40%最终被扔进了垃圾桶。这些食物浪费平均每年花掉四口之家大约1500美元。而且它还占用了垃圾填埋场的宝贵空间。

总台央视13套19日晚在国际时讯版块报道了美国佛蒙特州的节约政策，这一遏制食物浪费推行节约资源的举措也很直截了当——不准往垃圾桶里扔食物。

The state of Vermont has long been a leader in environmental issues. Now it has just doubled down on its bid to get Vermonters to rethink their relationship with food and waste.

佛蒙特州在环境问题的处理上一直以来都是表率。这一次，该州继续加了把劲，让佛蒙特州人民重新思考他们与食物浪费的关系。

As of July 1st, it became the first state in the nation to make it illegal for residents to throw their food scraps into the trash. That means everyone in the state -- from businesses to residents – must now keep their food waste out of the garbage.

自7月1日起，该州成为全国第一个将向垃圾桶里扔残羹冷炙列为违法行为的州。这意味着该州的每个个体——从企业到居民——现在都不能把浪费的食物丢到垃圾堆里。

Note

cultivate [ˈkʌltɪveɪt] v逐渐形成（某种态度、谈话或举止方式等）

innovate [ˈɪnəveɪt] v引入（新事物、思想或方法）；创新；改革

implement [ˈɪmplɪment] v使生效；贯彻；执行；实施

cautionary [ˈkɔːʃəneri] adj劝告的；告诫的；警告的

double down on加把劲做某事

bid [bɪd] n努力争取

scraps [skræps] n残羹剩饭

garbage [ˈɡɑːrbɪdʒ] n（生活）垃圾；废物；垃圾场；垃圾箱；垃圾桶