全球新冠确诊病例超4千万 欧洲各国增加宵禁等限制措施

10月19日，全球累计新冠确诊病例超4000万例。欧洲疫情近期快速反弹，新冠病例增速已超过美国。面对来势凶猛的第二波疫情，欧洲各国纷纷加强了限制措施，重新进入疫情最高警戒状态。 

Governments across Europe have introduced more restrictions to combat the spread of COVID-19, with a combination of nationwide and specific regional measures and curfews imposed as the continent faces its "second wave."
面对“第二波疫情”的来袭，欧洲各国政府采取了包括宵禁在内的面向全国和特定地区的更多限制措施以阻止新冠病毒的传播。

The number of globally recorded coronavirus cases passed 40 million on Monday, according to Johns Hopkins University, and while more than half of those cases come from the US, India and Brazil, an increasing proportion of new daily recorded cases are emerging from Europe.
根据约翰斯·霍普金斯大学的统计，本周一（10月19日）全球累计新冠确诊病例超4000万例。尽管超半数病例来自美国、印度和巴西，欧洲的单日新增确诊病例数所占比例也在扩大。

In total, over 7 million cases have been recorded in Europe since the start of the pandemic, according to the European Center for Disease Control, with 241,291 deaths.
根据欧洲疾控中心的数据，自从疫情暴发以来，欧洲累计新冠确诊病例超700万例，死亡病例达24万1291例。

After new restrictions were imposed in several countries earlier this month, Switzerland has followed Italy in imposing a nationwide mask mandate in all public spaces from Monday.
本月早些时候欧洲几个国家实行了新的限制措施，继意大利之后，瑞士也于本周一开始强制要求全民在所有公共场所佩戴口罩。

While not as restrictive as previous measures imposed when Italy faced a severe COVID surge earlier in the pandemic, local mayors have been given the power to close piazzas and streets from 9 pm and bars and restaurants must shut by midnight.
尽管意大利目前的限制措施不如早期疫情最严重的时候那么严格，但是各地市长有权在晚上9点后封锁露天市场和街道，酒吧和餐厅也必须在午夜前关门。

piazza [piˈɑːzə]: n. 露天市场，广场；走廊

Ireland’s government has announced that, starting Wednesday, it is returning the country to a full-scale lockdown for six weeks, reinstating restrictions close to those that were in place in the spring at the height of the first wave of the pandemic.
爱尔兰政府宣布，从本周三（10月21日）起，将对国家实施长达六周的全面封锁，并恢复春季第一波疫情高峰时采取的限制措施。

The new lockdown will raise restrictions from Level 3 to Level 5, banning all house visits, closing all but essential retail stores, and requiring people to stay within a 5-kilometer radius of their homes.
新的限制措施将把封锁级别从3级升至5级，禁止一切上门拜访、关闭必需品零售店以外的所有商店，要求人们在以家为中心5公里的半径内活动。

In the UK, the four nations of Scotland, England, Wales and Northern Ireland retain the power to set their own "lockdown" measures. In England a three-tier system remains in place, with varying restrictions imposed depending on whether an area is on "medium," "high" or "very high" alert.
在英国，苏格兰、英格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰保留自定封锁措施的权力。英格兰目前实行的是三级封锁限制措施，根据一个地区疫情的中、高或极高风险警报采取不同的限制措施。

London moved into the category of “high” alert, meaning household mixing has been banned in indoor spaces, and the authorities have not ruled out more stringent measures for the coming winter. A 10 pm curfew on restaurants and bars and a ban of more than six people from gathering has been in place for several weeks.
伦敦已经被划为“高风险区”，这意味着不同家庭间的室内聚会将被禁止，当局也不排除在即将到来的冬季采取更严格限制措施的可能性。数周前伦敦就开始实施宵禁，餐厅和酒吧必须在晚上10点前关门，并禁止6人以上的聚会。

Wales moved to impose a "fire break” lockdown for over two weeks from this Friday. All non-essential stores as well as hospitality businesses will have to close from 6 pm. In Scotland, all bars and restaurants have been shuttered to combat the spread of COVID-19. Schools in Northern Ireland shuttered for two weeks on Monday, and restaurants are now limited to take-out services only for a four-week period.
威尔士从上周五（10月16日）开始为期两周多的“防火墙”封锁。所有出售非必需品的商店和服务场所都必须在下午6点前关门。苏格兰关闭了所有酒吧和餐厅以阻止新冠病毒的传播。北爱尔兰的学校从本周一开始关闭两周，餐厅在未来四周内只能提供外卖服务。

Nine cities, including Paris, have been placed under a 9 pm to 6 am curfew in France. Over the weekend the country reported over 57,000 new coronavirus cases. And in Belgium, all bars and restaurants have been ordered to shutter for the next four weeks.
在法国，包括巴黎在内的9座城市都已实施从晚上9点到早上6点的宵禁。上周末法国报告新增新冠肺炎确诊病例逾57000例。比利时下令所有酒吧和餐厅在未来四周内不得营业。

In a recent interview with ABC News, the WHO’s Dr Margaret Harris said that “people did believe” that they would get a “break” in the summer during the pandemic, which may in part explain why cases have risen since Europe opened up.
世界卫生组织的玛格丽特·哈里斯博士近日在接受ABC新闻的采访时表示，“人们确实相信”今年夏季他们可以在疫情期间得以“喘息”，这也许能部分解释为什么欧洲开放后病例增多。

"And, unfortunately, people sort of did behave as if it had gone away and it hadn't, and that's why numbers have been steadily increasing since the middle of June,” she said.
她说：“不幸的是，人们表现得好像疫情已经过去了，但实际上并没有，这就是新增确诊病例数自六月中旬以来稳定增加的原因。”