新编六级听力练习 第251期

Conversation One
W: Do you think you can give an exact definition of "management",
Mr. Rogers?
M: Management is the process of achieving results through other people.
W: What are the functions of management?
M: There are mainly four. The first is planning. Managers define goals, establish strategy and develop plans to co-ordinate activities.
W: That's not easy, I think.
M: No. And the second is organizing, which means managers will determine what tasks to be done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom, etc.
W: That's complicated.
M: And the third is leading. It includes motivating subordinates, directing others, selecting the most effective communication channels and resolving conflicts.
W: Do you think the goal of good management is to get rid of conflicts?
M: Actually, we've made considerable progress towards overcoming the view that conflict is bad.
W: So you mean conflicts can be good for an organization?
M: Yes. Conflicts can be used to bring about substantial changes to the existing power structure, current patterns of interaction between people at work, and attitude.
W: That surprises me.
M: The last function controlling means to monitor activities to ensure they are being accomplished as planned, and correct significant deviations.
W: It is said that all managers need to realize that the more they delegate now, the less time it will take to accomplish tasks later. Is that true?
M: Right. Without delegation, managers run the risk of being a "doer" rather than a "manager".
W: Can I understand this as "delegation is a ticket to ride free and have others to do your work"?
M: Not exactly. It is rather a means for managers to focus on their true functions.

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
19. What is "management" according to the man?
正确答案：A
解析：女士开头就表达了自己的疑惑：因为任何人都可以复制和销售某种发明，发明者怎么赚钱呢？A是对她困惑的原因的同义表达。
20. What does the man think of conflicts?
正确答案：B
解析：B中的compensation是明确听到的，就是答案。通过预读选项，根据动词原形及宾语中的inventor可知，动作发出者应该是“盗版者”。注意所提及的其他人的动作。
21. Which statement does the man support?
正确答案：C
解析：关键是抓听到对话末尾男士提到的inventors make and sell goods faster，选项C是其近义改写。