果蝇基因有望帮助治疗酗酒

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This is Scientific American’s 60-Second Science. I’m Karen Hopkin. This will just take a minute.

As we recover from the holiday weekend, there is some intoxicating news on curbing the effects of alcohol. In the May 29th issue of Cell, scientists report discovering a gene that controls fruit flies’ sensitivity to ethanol. And if that just sounds like tipsy talk, the finding suggests that a couple of current anticancer drugs might find use in treating alcoholism. Some flies, like some people, just can’t hold their drink. One sip and they are tripping over their own wings. So the scientists set out to search for the fly genes involved in alcohol sensitivity. And they turned up a gene they call “Happy Hour”.

Flies with the normal version of this gene are liquor lightweights, while “Happy Hour” mutants can drink their fly friends under the table. In the normal flies, “Happy Hour” blocks a hormone called EGF. And the scientists found that two anticancer drugs, which also inhibit EGF, make boozing flies more woozy, a feeling that is as unpleasant for flies as it is for people. Rats, too, will take in a nip and say enough, when they are on these drugs. Robbing booze of its buzz is one way to attack alcoholism, which means that, at least genetically speaking, it’s good to have a little “Happy Hour”.

Thanks for the minute. For Scientific American’s 60-Second Science, I’m Karen Hopkin.

NOTES:

intoxicating: extremely exciting as if by alcohol or a narcotic 令人兴奋的

trip over: 被...绊倒

EGF: epidermal growing factor

mutant: an animal that has undergone mutation ;(biology) an organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration.〈生〉突变体(因遗传基因结构改变以致与同类生物有异的生物)

booze:酒，烈性酒;喝酒，痛饮