战争让悲伤逆流成河

Post traumatic stress disorder, or PTSD, is an anxiety disorder that affects up to 30% of soldiers returning from Iraq, according to a 2010 army study.

创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）是一种焦虑障碍，据今年的一项军事调查，伊战归国的美军士兵有30%以上受该病折磨。

EarthSky spoke with Paula Schnurr, deputy executive director of the VA’s National Center for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder. She said PTSD involves changes in a person’s psychological state and their neurobiological state.

本站记者采访了退伍军人管理局国家PTSD研究中心副执行主任宝拉·施努尔。她表示，创伤后应激障碍会给患者的心理和神经生物学状态造成改变。

Paula Schnurr: That is, their brain changes. The systems in the brain that help us deal with stress and regulate fear and emotional responding are changed as you might expect in response to the extreme trauma of combat.

宝拉·施努尔：也就是说，病人的大脑出现了病变。那些帮助我们应对压力，控制恐惧等情绪反应的大脑机制发生了变化，病人仿佛期待着极度痛苦的创伤事件不断重演并作出回应。

People may be flooded with memories of the traumatic event and have trouble falling asleep, or have nightmares. When they persist past 30 days and the anxiety remains strong, Schnurr said there is a problem. But she said there’s hope.

有些人可能会沉浸在创伤事件的记忆中，难以入睡，或者噩梦连连。施努尔表示，当这种状况持续30天之后依然有严重的焦虑反应，就说明其中有问题，但也并非没有希望。

Paula Schnurr: The first thing is that, not all soldiers have PTSD. Even soldiers and other military personnel who have problems readjusting to society, well that’s normal. And it can take some time. The second thing is that we have effective treatments.

宝拉·施努尔：首先，并不是所有的士兵都患有创伤后应激障碍。即使一些军人难以重新融入社会，这很正常，需要时间。另外，我们掌握着有效的治疗方案。

If you or someone you know is struggling with PTSD, come to our website for a link to start to get help.

如果你或者身边认识的人正遭受此病的困扰，请登录我们的网站寻求帮助。