科学扫盲：站着和坐着哪个更健康？

Which is Healthier: Standing or Sitting？
站着PK坐着：哪个更健康？

When you’re sitting, you’re essentially inactive, right? And there’s mounting evidence that long stretches of inactivity are not good for you, even if you’re not overweight and seem basically healthy.
当一个人坐着的时候，他实际上是不运动的，对吧？越来越多的证据显示，即使没有超重或看起来基本健康的人，长时间的不运动也是没有好处的。

Metabolizing Food
新陈代谢情况

For example, in one experiment, researchers had healthy subjects spend an entire day sitting, then measured how well their bodies metabolized food and made insulin to regulate blood sugar.
例如，研究者进行了一个实验，让身体健康的受试者保持一整天坐着不动，然后测量他们身体新陈代谢和分泌胰岛素调节血糖的情况。

The next day the subjects were allowed to get up and move around, but without doing any strenuous or even moderate exercise. And again, the researchers took the same measurements.
第二天受试者可以起立并四处走动，但不能做任何激烈的运动，适度运动也不可以。研究者再次进行了相同的测量活动。

So What Did They Find?
那么研究者有什么发现呢？

That’s the amazing thing. After just one day of sitting, the participants’ metabolism was starting to go haywire.
大家会觉得不可思议：只是坐了一天而已，但参与者的新陈代谢系统就开始出现混乱。

They didn’t literally become diabetic, but their bodies showed signs of struggling to produce insulin, a hormone needed to draw sugar from blood into bodily tissues.
受试者并没有成为真正意义上的糖尿病患者，但是他们的身体出现迹象体征，开始努力分泌胰岛素。胰岛素是一种用于将糖份从血液中提取到身体组织的激素。

And When They Were Standing?
那他们站着的时候情况又如何呢？

No problems with insulin. Now, one experiment doesn’t prove anything. But other studies have found similar evidence that prolonged inactivity may contribute to diseases like diabetes.
不存在胰岛素问题。当然，一个实验什么都证明不了，但是其他研究也发现了相似的证据，证明长期的久坐不动可能导致糖尿病等疾病。

And they’ve found that being even mildly active, like puttering around the house or walking at a leisurely pace, could have large health benefits.
研究发现，即使受试者只是像在房子周围走动或悠闲散步等做适度运动，也会对健康大有好处。