2008年6月英语四级听力全真模拟试下载第3套:Section B

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27. Which belongs to social challenge?
【解析】选[D]。预读选项可以推测此题是考查对四种行为在细节上的区分。在听的过程中需要留意文中出现了哪几种行为、分别是为了说明什么问题而出现。

28. How do people react to the category of social challenges?
【解析】选[C]。预读选项可以推测此题是考查They对them的态度。在听问题时需要留意They和them分别指代的是什么。

Passage Two
Today we’ll examine the role that private transportation — namely, the automobile — plays in city planning.
A number of sociologists blame the automobile for the decline of the downtown areas of major cities. In the 1950’s and 1960’s the automobile made it possible to work in the city and yet live in the suburbs many miles away. Shopping patterns changed; instead of going to downtown stores, people in the suburbs went to large shopping malls outside the city and closer to the home. Merchants in the city failed, and their stores closed.
Downtown shopping areas became deserted. In recent years there’s been a rebirth of the downtown area, as many suburbanites have moved back to the city. They’ve done this, of course, to avoid highways blocked with commuters from the suburbs. I’ve chosen this particular city planning problem—our dependence on private transportation — to discuss in groups. I’m hoping you will all come up with some novel solutions. Oh, and don’t approach the problem from a purely sociological perspective; try to take into account environmental and economic issues as well.

Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.

29. How did the automobile affect the work force in the 1950’s and 1960’s?
【解析】选[B]。预读选项可以推测此题是考查对It对workers或jobs的影响。在听问题时需要留意It指代的是什么。

30. What problem did downtown city merchants face in the 1960’s?
【解析】选[C]。预读选项可知此题是考查对四种负面事实的区分，需要留意文中关于这些细节的陈述。

31. According to the speaker, why are some people moving back to the city?
【解析】选[D]。预读选项可知此题询问的是关于某件事情的原因。文中提到人们从乡下搬回到城市的原因是：to avoid highways blocked with comustters...,[D]是对此的同义转述。

Passage Three
The United States operates under a federal system of government. Under the federal system, power is divided between the central government and the states. The central government is given specific powers. These powers are named in the Constitution. Powers that are not assigned to the central government in the Constitution belong to the states.
The central government can pass laws that affect trade between states. The central government can also make treaties with foreign countries. It has the power to print money. The Constitution gives the central government these powers. These powers belong to the central government only. However, the states have many powers that the central government cannot control. For example, a state is allowed to tax people who live and work in the state. The central government cannot put a limit on the amount of money that a state taxes its people.
Many people feel that the federal system has many good points. One good point is that it restrains the power of the central government. The central government cannot become too powerful. Another good point is that the central government makes sure that the bigger states don’t become too powerful. Under the Constitution, all states are treated equally. The laws of the central government do not favor one state over another.

Questions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.

32. What does the passage mainly tell us?
【解析】[B]。在听录音之前，预览四个选项可知本文与federal system或central government and the states有关。而且这些选项的概括性很强，很有可能询问文章的主旨大意。

33. Which is the power of the states governments?
【解析】[B]。预读选项可以推测此题是考查对四种行为在细节上的区分。在听的过程中需要留意文中出现了哪几种行为、分别是为了说明什么问题而出现。

34. What is stated in the passage?
【解析】[D]。预读选项可以推测此题是考查对四种事实的区分，而且均与中央政府和每个州的权力有关。

35. According to the passage, what is a good point about the federal system?
【解析】[A]。预读选项可以推测此题是考查对四种事实的区分，需要留意文中出现了哪种或哪几种事实。