CNN news 2014-10-15 加文本

cnn news 2014-10-15

CARL AZUZ, cnn ANCHOR: Welcome to cnn STUDENT NEWS on this Monday, October 13. I`m Carl Azuz. We are starting with some questions and some answers

about the Ebola virus. A healthcare worker in Dallas, Texas has tested positive for the disease. This is the second time Ebola has been diagnosed

in the U.S., but the nurse who caught it had not traveled to West Africa where the outbreak is. She works at the hospital where Liberian man died

last week from Ebola. And she`d had extensive contact with him.

Health officials say she wore protective clothing, gowns, gloves, a mask and a shield. But there had been a "breech of protocol" at some point. We

don`t know exactly what that was. We are getting a lot of questions from you about how someone can touch the Ebola virus. This is what health

officials are saying.

UNIDENTIFIED MALE: The clock ticking from the moment the Ebola virus enters the body. The disease not easy to contract, only carried in bodily

fluids. And it can only enter the body through direct contact with cuts or abrasions on the skin or through the eyes, nose, mouth, throat or

reproductive organs. People can also get infected when eating meat from or coming in contact with contaminated animals.

The virus can survive several hours in a dried state on door knobs or countertops if the fluid remains wet and at room temperature it can survive

for days outside the body.

Most people get it through contact with bodily fluids of patients or the diseased.

But when is someone with Ebola actually contagious? The short answer, when they start to show symptoms. Those symptoms, though, can take from two to

21 days to kick in. In other words, a person can travel and interact with others for days or weeks without passing on the virus.

The average incubation period is eight to ten days.

The early symptoms of a disease fever, weakness, muscle pain, headache and sore throat are often mistaken for the flu, malaria, typhoid fever or

dysentery.

But then things get worse. Vomiting, bloody diarrhea, often internal and external bleeding, skin rashes and purple spots on the skin. The death

rate is high, 50 to 90 percent chance of death depending on the strain and access to medical care.

If an infected patient with a strong immune system gets proper care the chance of surviving goes up. And if you survive you have immunity for at

least ten years, but what`s still unknown, if you are immune from other strains of Ebola. Answers and questions for a frightening disease.

AZUZ: The ISIS terrorist group is threatening to take over Kobane, a town in Syria near the border with Turkey. If it does, a United Nations envoy

says ISIS would likely kill 12,000 civilians there. U.S. officials say a region of western Iraq is also in trouble as ISIS advances, and this is all

happening despite the U.S.-led airstrikes against ISIS.

JIM SCIUTTO, cnn CORRESPONDENT: Is the U.S. -led air campaign against ISIS working and what exactly is the measure of success?

Now, if you look at the map, ISIS controls about the same amount of territory now as it did before the campaign started, both in Iraq and in

Syria.

Now, speaking to U.S. officials, they are making the argument to me that territory, at least in Syria, doesn`t matter. They say that there the

focus is on degrading ISIS capabilities from the air, and that means attacking command and control centers, attacking weapons and also its

sources of funding, which means oil installations, because they make most of their money by selling oil.

Now, in Iraq, they say, territory does matter, and they say that they have made some gains, particularly in taking back the crucial dams in Haditha

and Mosul.

What`s the difference between Syria and Iraq? In Syria, you don`t have a ground force. It`s going to take more than a year to train those 5,000

moderate rebels that are going to be the vanguard of a force to fight against ISIS on the ground. In Iraq, you do have a ground force. Those

are the Iraqi security forces and Kurdish fighters. The trouble is, they`ve had mixed performance as well. They gained back the dams of

Haditha and Mosul, but they`ve lost ground in other cities.

So, what`s the measure of success going forward? U.S. officials tell me that the real measure of success from the U.S. perspective is, does the

U.S. stop ISIS from threatening U.S. interests both abroad and back home. Trouble with that measure is that that`s something we are only going to

know over the months and years to come of a campaign the U.S. officials are saying all the time now will last months and years as well.