CNN News:石油价格暴跌致委内瑞拉陷入经济危机

CARL AZUZ, cnn STUDENT NEWS ANCHOR: A lot of developments in the U.S. presidential nomination process. That's coming up later today on cnn STUDENT NEWS.
cnn学生新闻主持人卡尔·阿祖兹：美国总统大选提名进程有了进一步发展。稍后cnn学生新闻会进行详细报道。

First up, in the South American nation of Venezuela, there's a rationing in place. Residents say that if they want to buy flour, rice or milk at a government supermarket, they have to wait in line, sometimes for an entire day, and they're limited on the days when they can do that.
The drop in oil prices in a country whose revenue is dependent on oil sales caused major deficits. The government tried to make up for those by printing money. That led to severe inflation when the value of currency goes down and the price of goods goes up.
There are food shortages. People can't get medical care. They're buying medicine on the black market.
Electricity has been rationed in many areas, shutting down power for hours a day. There had been riots. Stores had been looted, and there's effort going on to remove President Nicolas Maduro from office.
Officially, Venezuela is a federal presidential republic. But the government's move in recent years toward socialism, extended government controls over major industries.
首先，我们先来关注南美洲国家委内瑞拉，那里正在实行配给制。委内瑞拉民众表示，如果他们想在政府运营的超市买面粉、大米或牛奶，他们必须要排队等候，有时甚至要等一整天的时间，而且他们只能在特定的日子才能购买这些商品。
委内瑞拉这个国家的收入完全依赖石油销售，而石油价格下跌导致委内瑞拉经济出现赤字。政府试图通过增加印钞来补救。这导致委内瑞拉货币贬值，再加上商品价格上涨，就引发了严重的通货膨胀。
委内瑞拉现在食物严重短缺。人们得不到医疗护理。他们只能从黑市购买药品。
许多地区实行电力配给制，每天会有几个小时的时间关闭电源。委内瑞拉还发生了暴乱事件。多家商店被洗劫，因此渐渐出现了要求总统尼古拉斯·马杜罗下台的呼声。
委内瑞拉是一个联邦总统制共和国。但是近几年政府逐渐转向社会主义，许多行业的政府管控力度逐渐加大。

SUBTITLE: Venezuela's economic disaster.
副标题：委内瑞拉的经济灾难

PAULA NEWTON, cnn CORRESPONDENT: This economic crisis has been years in the making. The socialist government here is being accused of really discouraging investment in this economy and what's happened over the last years is we've seen severe shortages of food.
What really made things dramatic though was when oil price plunged about a year and a half ago now. Venezuela depends on the selling of oil for almost all of its government income.
On top of that, it is now so reliant on imports of almost everything. They are not taking in enough money to pay for all the imports that they need.
And that has now led to rampant inflation. The IMF says at least 700 percent by the end of this year.
cnn记者宝拉·牛顿：这场经济危机已经酝酿了数年之久。委内瑞拉社会主义政府被指责抑制了经济投资，我们看到去年那里出现了严重的食物短缺。
但真正令事态剧变的是一年半以前的石油价格暴跌。委内瑞拉政府的所有收入几乎都要依靠石油销售。
除此以外，现在委内瑞拉几乎所有商品都要依赖于进口。委内瑞拉收入不够，支付不起他们需要的商品。
这些情况导致了恶性通货膨胀的发生。国际货币基金组织预计，今年年底委内瑞拉的通胀率将达到700%。