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21世纪大学英语读写教程第四册01

2009-10-30来源:和谐英语

New Words

artillery
n. heavy guns, often mounted on wheels, used in fighting on land, branch of an army that uses these 火炮;大炮;炮兵(部队)

surveyor
n. a person whose job is to examine and record the area and features of a piece of land by measuring and calculating (土地)测量员;勘测员

unspectacular
a. ordinary; not exciting or special 不引人注意的;不惊人的

spectacular
a. (attracting attention because) impressive or extraordinary 引人注目的;出色的;与众不同的

carve
vt. 1. form (sth.) by cutting away material from wood or stone 雕刻;雕刻成
2. build (one's career, reputation, etc.)by hard work 靠勤奋创(业),靠勤奋树(名声)

uncompromising
a. not ready to make any compromise; firm or unyielding. 不妥协的,坚定的;不让步的

influential
a. having a lot of influence on sb./sth. 有影响的;有权势的

genetics
n. the scientific study of the ways in which different characteristics are passed from each generation of living things to the next 遗传学

psychiatry
n. the study and treatment of mental illness 精神病学;精神病治疗

compose
vt. write (music, opera, poetry, etc.) 创作(音乐、歌剧、诗等)

symphony
n. a long complex musical composition for a large orchestra, usu. in three or four parts 交响乐

characteristic
n. a typical feature or quality 特点

unrelenting
a. not becoming less strong or severe; continuous 不松懈的,不放慢的;持续的

endow
vt. provide (sb./sth.) with a good quality, ability, feature, etc. 给予,赋予

super-normal
a. 超出一般的;超常的;非凡的

amazing
a. extremely good; esp. in a surprising and unexpected way 惊人的,令人吃惊的

cite
vt. mention (sb./sth.) as an example or to support an argument; refer to 引用,引证;举出

risk-taker
n. a person who dares to take risks 敢于冒险的人

thrust
vt. push (sth./sb./oneself) suddenly or violently (用力)推;强使

morale
n. state of confidence, enthusiasm, determination, etc. that a person or group has at a particular time 士气,精神状态

brilliantly
ad. in an outstanding manner 杰出地;才华横溢地

Allied
a. of the Allies (a group of countries fighting on the same side in a war, esp. those which fought with Britain in World Wars I and II) (第一次世界大战时期)协约国的;(第二次世界大战时期)同盟国的

ally
n. person, country, etc. joined with another in order to give help and support 同盟者;同盟国

evacuation
n. leaving a place of danger for a safer place 撤离;撤退

evacuate
v. 1. remove (sb.) from a place of danger to a safer place 撤退,撤出
2. leave or withdraw from (a place) 撤离(某处)

flag
vi. become tired or weak; begin to lose enthusiasm or energy 疲乏;变弱;(热情、精力等)衰退,低落

striking
a. attracting attention; unusual or interesting enough to be noticed 引人注目的;显著的,突出的

firstborn
n. a child born before other children 长子(或长女)

peacetime
n. a period when a country is not at war 和平时期

fireside
n. part of a room beside the fireplace, esp. considered as a warm comfortable place 壁炉旁

chat
n. a friendly informal conversation 闲谈,聊天

fireside chat
炉边亲切闲谈;(政治领袖在无线电或电视广播中)不拘形式的讲话

innate
a. (of a quality, feeling, etc.) in one's nature; possessed from birth 天生的

landslide
n. (竞选中)压倒多数的选票;一面倒的胜利

equation
n. 等式;方程(式)

boldness
n. the state or quality of being confident and brave 勇敢,无畏

bold
a. confident and brave; daring 勇敢的,无畏的;敢作敢为的

magnet
n. a piece of iron or other material that can attract iron, either naturally or because of an electric current passed through it 磁铁

obsession
n. the state of being obsessed 着迷

contemporary
n. a person who lives or lived at the same time as another, usu. being roughly the same age 同代人;(几乎)同年龄的人
a. belong to the same time; of the present time; modern 属于同一时代的;当代的;现代的

poetry
n. poems collectively or in general [总称]诗

intrinsic
a. (of a value or quality) belonging naturally to sb./sth.; existing within sb./sth., rather than coming from outside 固有的;本质的;内在的

randomly
ad. without method or conscious choice 任意地,胡乱地

submit
vt. give (sth.) to sb./sth. so that it may be formally considered or so that a decision about it may be made 提交,呈递

anonymously
ad. without revealing one's name 用匿名的方式

evaluation
n. the act of assessing or forming an idea of the amount, quality or value of sb./sth. 评价,评估

Phrases and Expressions

have (sth., nothing, a lot, etc.) to do with sb./sth.
be connected or concerned with sb./sth. to the extent specified 与某人 / 某事有(一些、毫无、很大)关系

make history
be or do sth. so important or unusual that it will be recorded in history 创造历史,影响历史的进程;做出值得纪念(或载入史册的)事情

rise above
become successful or outstanding 取得成功;出类拔萃

leave behind
cause to lag behind; surpass 把…丢在后面;超过

focus on
concentrate on 集中于;着重于

be endowed with
naturally have a good quality, ability, feature, etc. 天生具有

come out of
originate in or develop from 从…中获得;从…中发展而来

build...upon
base ... on; use (sth.) as a foundation for further progress 把…建立在…上

take charge
take control (of sth.); be responsible (for sth.) 掌管;负责

go /get nowhere
achieve no success or make no progress 不能成功;无进展

set ... apart
make (sb./sth.) different from or superior to others 使显得突出,使显得与众不同

put up with
tolerate or bear (sb./sth.) 忍受,容忍

Proper Names

Michael Ryan
迈克尔·赖恩

Napoleon Bonaparte
拿破仑·波拿巴 (1769 — 1821, 法兰西第一帝国和百日王朝皇帝)

George Washington
乔治·华盛顿 (1732 — 1799, 美国第一任总统)

Keith Simonton
基思·西蒙顿

Dunkirk
敦刻尔克(法国北部港市)

Franklin Roosevelt
富兰克林·罗斯福 (1882 — 1945, 美国第三十二任总统)

Thomas Jefferson
托马斯·杰斐逊 (1743 — 1826, 美国第三任总统,《独立宣言》主要起草人)

Woodrow Wilson
伍德罗·威尔逊 (1856 — 1924, 美国第二十八任总统)

Warren G. Harding
沃伦·G·哈定 (1865 — 1923, 美国第二十九任总统)

Johannes Kepler
开普勒 (1571 — 1630, 德国天文学家和占星家)

Emily Dickinson
艾米莉·迪金森 (1830 — 1886, 美国女诗人,美国现代诗先驱者之一)

James Joyce
詹姆斯·乔伊斯 (1882 — 1941, 爱尔兰小说家,多用“意识流”手法,代表作《尤利西斯》)

Finnegans Wake
《为芬尼根守灵》(乔伊斯于 1939 年出版的最后一部小说)

Brandeis
布兰代斯大学 (马萨诸塞州)

Teresa Amabile
特蕾莎·阿玛贝尔