NPR News:埃及爆发示威 抗议政府还岛沙特

(SOUNDBITE OF PROTEST)
UNIDENTIFIED PROTESTERS: (Chanting in foreign language.)
GARCIA-NAVARRO: It was a small but significant demonstration in Cairo, significant because of who they were out protesting against — Egypt's president, Abdel Fattah el-Sisi. He's been popular since he assumed power in the wake of the Arab Spring, and this could be a sign that that's changing.
Cairo security forces turned out in enormous numbers yesterday to shut down the gathering. The city is tense. We go now to NPR's Leila Fadel in Cairo to learn more. Hey, Leila.
加西亚•纳瓦罗：这是开罗发生的一场小型但是意义重大的示威，意义重大是因为人们抗议的对象是埃及总统阿卜杜勒•法塔赫•塞西。他在阿拉伯之春运动后掌权，一直都很受欢迎，而这一抗议可能会改变这一形势。昨天，大批开罗安全部队人员到抗议现场驱散人群。现在开罗市处于紧张状态。我们将连线NPR新闻驻开罗记者莱拉•法德尔了解详细情况。你好，莱拉。
LEILA FADEL, BYLINE: Hi.
莱拉•法德尔连线：你好。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: So you were out on the streets yesterday. Can you just describe the scene for us?
加西亚•纳瓦罗：你昨天去了抗议现场。你能给我们描述一下现场的情况吗？

FADEL: Well, really it felt like all of Egypt's police were in the streets of Cairo yesterday, ready and waiting for any signs of protest and ready to shut them down. And the protesters were also ready. They were sort of gathering slowly, acting like nothing was going on.
And then it would be this sort of flash mob suddenly of protesting, getting out what they wanted to say before they knew that police would come and shut them down. So there was this real determination from people to protest against the government and against this president.
法德尔：昨天我们感觉好像埃及所有警察都聚集到了开罗街头，准备应对可能出现的抗议活动，准备驱散人群。抗议者也做好了准备。他们像什么事都不会发生一样，慢慢聚集起来。
在他们意识到警察会出现驱散他们前，抗议者突然展开快闪行动，喊出他们想说的话。所以人们决定要抗议政府，抗议他们的总统。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: Tell me, why has this all kicked off now?
加西亚•纳瓦罗：为什么现在爆发这种抗议？

FADEL: Well, this all started over an issue of nationalism really, an issue of national pride, when Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi announced that Egypt would be handing over two Red Sea islands to Saudi Arabia that Egypt says are actually Saudi territory.
And so people really saw that as an affront to their nationalism and to their territory. And Khaled Fahmy, an Egyptian historian and a critic of the government, said it's really quite a twist for a nationalist government to be defending ceding territory.
法德尔：因为事关国家主义，事关国家荣誉，埃及总统阿卜杜勒•法塔赫•塞西宣布埃及要把红海两处岛屿“归还”沙特阿拉伯，埃及政府称这两个岛本就是沙特领土。
埃及人认为这是对国家主义和埃及领土的冒犯。埃及历史学家、埃及政府批评者哈立德•法赫米表示，一个民族政府去捍卫割让领土完全是种扭曲。
KHALED FAHMY: It's a very bizarre twist, whereby the ultra-nationalist pro-Sisi constituency that had been rallying behind him for the past two years, specifically on the grounds that he is protecting national security, these same people are today hoisting Saudi flags and claiming that these islands are actually Saudi islands. And the government is having severe crackdown on anybody who dares to say that these islands are Egyptian.
哈立德•法赫米：这非常奇怪，过去两年来，极端国家主义者、亲塞西选民一直在支持他，原因是塞西在保护安全国家，而今天这些人却高举沙特国旗，称这些岛屿本来就是沙特的领土。政府对胆敢称这些岛屿是埃及领土的人进行了严厉镇压。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: What was the government's response to these protests?
加西亚•纳瓦罗：政府如何回应这些抗议事件？

FADEL: Well, in the days leading up to this, really the government was on the defensive, saying anybody who went out to protest was an enemy to the state. We saw security forces going into homes of activists, arresting them — Up to a hundred people arrested before yesterday's protest — And then on the day of, a determination to shut down any anti-government protests, anti-Sisi protests and an allowance of anybody out there in favor of the government to gather and to protest, despite it supposedly being illegal.
法德尔：在事态逐渐演变的这几天，政府一直采取守势，政府说外出参加抗议活动的人是国家的敌人。安全部队人员闯入活动人士的家中逮捕了他们，在昨天的抗议之前有100人被捕，之后，政府决定镇压任何反政府、反塞西抗议，允许支持政府的人举行集会和抗议，不过这一做法可能是违法的。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: You've been talking to people. Why are they saying that this is significant, and do they think that there'll be more of this?
加西亚•纳瓦罗：你有采访当地民众。他们为什么认为这起抗议意义重大，他们认为还会有更多抗议活动吗？

FADEL: Prior to these protests, we never heard people directly say that this president must step down, that this is a void regime and they must go. There was no space, and there still is no space, for dissent. But now in these protests you're seeing a determination from people to actually go out. It may not be a majority.
We're actually not sure how big it is. But this determination to say actually not — Everything is not OK, that this is a time of extreme repression, there are all these bottled-up grievances against a government that many critics say is the most repressive regime in Egypt's modern history. It's a regime that has not allowed for any type of dissent and shuts it down immediately. And so now this is popping up and is something that is coming out. And many wonder if really you can put it back in.
法德尔：在这些抗议活动之前，我们从来没有听到有人直接让总统下台，或说这个政权是无效的，必须要推翻他们。埃及没有异议存在的空间，现在依然没有。但是现在人们决定走上街头进行抗议。虽然可能不会演变成大规模抗议。
现在我们还不能确定抗议的规模。不过埃及民众要说的是，现在一切都不正常，这是极端压抑的时刻，人们对政府的不满压抑了许久，许多批评人士指出，这是埃及现代历史上最专制的政权。这个政权不允许任何形式的异议存在，而且会迅速压制异议。所以现在出现了抗议，而且可能还会有别的事发生。许多人怀疑事态是否还能恢复原状。

GARCIA-NAVARRO: NPR's Leila Fadel in Cairo. Thank you so much.
加西亚•纳瓦罗：以上是NPR新闻的莱拉•法德尔从开罗带来的报道。非常谢谢你。

FADEL: Thank you.
法德尔：谢谢你。